Experimental study on the failure patterns of holed and cracked specimens under biaxial loading
LIU Bohan
TANG Bin
CHENG Hua
ZHU Chuanqi
SHI Shangyu
HE Biao
XIE Kai
Abstract：To investigate the influence of cracks on the damage deformation of circular tunnel surround-ing rock,similar materials were prepared using the surrounding rock of a coal mine roadway in a min-ing district of the Zhujixi Mine in the Huainan Mining Area as the prototype material.Miniature speci-mens containing holes and cracks with varying dip angles,lengths,and positions were fabricated.Through biaxial loading tests on holed and cracked specimens,the effects of prefabricated cracks and holes on specimen deformation and failure were studied.The results indicate that all specimens under-went three stages during loading:crack initiation,crack propagation,and failure.Based on formation mechanisms and morphological characteristics,secondary cracks can be classified into five categories:tensile cracks,shear cracks,tensile-shear composite cracks,wing cracks,and anti-wing cracks.The failure modes of specimens exhibited significant differences under varying crack parameters.
Keywords：circular tunnelporous cracksbiaxial loadingsecondary cracksfailure mode
Publication Date：2026-02-28
Online Publishing Date：2026-01-31(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：8( 48-55 )