The effect of low glycemic index diet assisted with semaglutide on glucose and lipid metabolism and BMI control in adult obese T2DM patients
LI Yuan
MA Ting
YANG Yuan
Abstract：Objective To investigate the effects of low glycemic index(GI)diet on glucose and lipid metabolism and body mass index(BMI)control in adult obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods In this study,a prospective randomized controlled design was used to include 116 adult obese T2DM patients who were treated from January 2023 to January 2025 as subjects.The subjects were divided into observation group and control group by random number table method,58 cases each.The control group was given routine intervention and semaglutide treatment,and the observation group was given low GI diet adjuvant therapy on this basis.Both groups were treated continuously for 3 months.The glucose and lipid metabolism indexes,BMI and health survey scale(SF-36)scores before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results After treatment,the fasting blood glucose[(6.45±0.83)mmol/L vs.(7.63±0.96)mmol/L],glycosylated hemoglobin[(6.57±0.68)%vs.(7.38±0.82)%],2 h postprandial blood glucose[(8.23±1.61)mmol/L vs.(10.67±1.95)mmol/L],total cholesterol[(3.92±0.47)mmol/L vs.(4.83±0.54)mmol/L],triglyceride[(2.32±0.23)mmol/L vs.(2.89±0.36)mmol/L],low-density lipoprotein cholesterol[(3.47±0.65)mmol/L vs.(3.98±0.72)mmol/L],insulin resistance index[(2.12±0.33)vs.(2.75±0.39)],and BMI[(26.57±1.36)kg/m2 vs.(28.43±1.52)kg/m2]of the observation group were all lower than those of the control group(t=7.081,5.791,7.349,9.681,10.162,4.004,9.392,6.945,all P<0.05).while the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol[(1.48±0.42)mmol/L vs.(1.31±0.39)mmol/L],fasting C-peptide[(4.87±0.63)ng/mL vs.(3.26±0.58)ng/mL],and scores of all dimensions of the SF-36[mental health(83.22±6.74)points vs.(74.29±6.13)points,role-emotional(82.26±5.63)points vs.(77.68±5.34)points,vitality(86.49±6.87)points vs.(81.33±6.56)points,emotional function(79.52±5.32)points vs.(73.47±4.69)points,bodily pain(85.27±6.68)points vs.(81.95±6.27)points,social function(78.46±5.36)points vs.(71.67±4.82)points,general health(84.17±5.67)points vs.(79.42±5.31)points,physical function(80.83±5.96)points vs.(74.69±5.27)points]of the observation group were all higher than those of the control group(t=2.259,14.319,7.465,4.495,4.137,6.497,2.760,7.174,4.657,5.878,all P<0.05).Conclusion Low GI diet assisted with semaglutide in the treatment of obese T2 DM patients in adults can effectively improve their glucose and lipid metabolism,control weight and improve the quality of life.
Keywords：low glycemic index dietsemaglutideobesitytype 2 diabetesglucose and lipid metabolismbody mass index
Publication Date：2025-12-31
Online Publishing Date：2026-01-06(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：5( 1033-1037 )