Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of cognitive function in elderly with hypertension

LIU Yingsen; HE Xia

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-3245.2025.06.014

Abstract：Objective To analyze the prevalence characteristics and influencing factors of cognitive function in elderly people with hypertension,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and improvement of their cognitive impairment.Methods Using data from the(Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey,CLHLS)2018,a total of 15,874 adults aged 65 and above were included.After excluding non-hypertensive patients,307 elderly individuals were ultimately included as the study subjects.Basic information was collected,the mini-mental state examination(MMSE)was used to measure cognitive function.Statistical description was performed using mean±SD and proportions.Influencing factors were analyzed using t test,chi-square test,and logistic regression models.Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 25.0 software with a significance level of α=0.05.Results The average age of the 307 elderly people with hypertension was 84.31±10.14 years old,and the cognitive function score was 23.38±8.26.Among them,191 people(62.21%)had normal cognitive function,and 116 people(37.79%)had cognitive impairment.Univariate analysis showed that 14 factors such as age,gender,and marital status were related to the cognitive function of elderly people with hypertension.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that age(OR=1.15,95%CI:1.05～1.27),being female(OR=6.36,95%CI:1.61～25.17),and notdoing physical exercise(OR=4.82,95%CI:1.28～18.17)were risk factors for cognitive impairment;having a moderate(OR=0.03,95%CI:0.01～0.71)and good(OR=0.01,95%CI:0.00～0.23,95%CI:0.06～0.93)quality of life,and occasionally watching movies and TV shows(OR=0.23)were protective factors for cognitive impairment.Conclusion The cognitive function of elderly people with hypertension is affected by multiple factors.Age,gender,physical activity level,etc.are related to the risk of cognitive impairment.Improving the quality of life and appropriately watching movies and TV shows may help protect cognitive function,providing a direction for subsequent interventions.