Analysis of Clinical Characteristics of Diffuse Cystic Lung Disease in Xinjiang Region

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-3245.2025.03.034

Abstract：Objective To explore the types of diseases causing diffuse cystic lung disease (DCLD) in the Xinjiang region, the characteristic manifestations of each disease, and the diagnostic differentiation. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 97 patients who visited the Rare Disease Outpatient Clinic of the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, from January 2021 to December 2023, with pulmonary manifestations of diffuse cystic lesions. Clinical data of the patients were collected, and the patients were classified into different disease categories according to the diagnostic criteria of each disease. The characteristics of etiology distribution, demographic features, clinical manifestations, pathological and imaging features were described, and the characteristic manifestations and differential diagnostic points of various diseases were analyzed. Results A total of 97 patients with diffuse pulmonary cystic lesions on CT were included in this study. Among them, 42 cases were pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis, 13 cases were pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis, 6 cases were Sjögren's syndrome, 3 cases were lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia, 5 cases were tumor-related diseases (including 3 cases of lung cancer, 1 case of esophageal cancer, and 1 case of ovarian cancer), 4 cases were bronchiectasis, 2 cases were congenital pulmonary cysts, and 22 cases had unexplained DCLD. Conclusion This study summarizes the etiological distribution and clinical characteristics of DCLD patients in the Xinjiang region, providing important information for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of these diseases.