Comparison of microwave ablation combined with cinnamyl alcohol sclerotherapy in the treatment of thyroid cystic and mixed nodules

Lu Chunyan; Feng Jing; Wang Weiwei

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-3245.2025.01.025

Abstract：Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of microwave ablation combined with cinnamyl alcohol sclerotherapy in the treatment of thyroid cystic and mixed nodules.Methods 98 patients with thyroid cystic or mixed nodules admitted to our hospital from August 2021 to August 2023 were divided into the combined group(n=49)and the ablation group(n=49)by convenient sampling.Both groups were treated with ultrasound-guided microwave ablation,while the combined group was treated with percutaneous injection of cinnamyl alcohol.Postoperative complications,nodule volume,nodule volume reduction rate,laboratory indexes,and clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups.Results 12 months after the operation,the total effective rate in the combined group was 93.62%,which was higher than that in the ablation group(77.78%)(χ2=4.753,P=0.029).Two cases were lost to follow-up in the combined group,and four cases were lost to follow-up in the ablation group.The remaining patients(47 cases with 65 nodules in the combined group and 45 cases with 61 nodules in the ablation group)were included in the result analysis.The nodule volume in the combined group was lower than that in the ablation group at 3 months,6 months,and 12 months after the operation(t=2.5983,3.352,19.416,P<0.05).The nodule shrinkage rate was higher in the combined group than in the ablation group(t=5.883,3.241,2.959,P<0.05).TSH,FT4,and FT3 levels in both groups did not change significantly at 3 months and 6 months after the operation(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The curative effect of microwave ablation combined with cinnamyl alcohol sclerotherapy on thyroid cystic and mixed nodules is better than that of microwave ablation alone,with obvious advantages in improving treatment efficiency.