Relationship Between Serum LDH,Calcium Ion and Chemotherapy Response and Prognosis in Patients with Multiple Myeloma

YANG Xuewen; HUANG Huiting; ZHAO Xiaoqiang

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-437X.2026.16.009

Abstract：Objective To investigate the relationship between serum lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),calcium ion and chemotherapy response and prognosis of multiple myeloma(MM)patients.Methods A total of 115 MM patients who received chemotherapy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology from June 2020 to October 2023 were selected as the study objects,and were divided into an effective group(97 cases)and an ineffective group(18 cases)according to their chemotherapy efficacy.Serum LDH and calcium ion levels of the two groups were compared.Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate whether serum LDH and calcium ions were related to chemotherapy response in MM patients.Subsequently,97 patients who responded effectively to chemotherapy were followed up until October 31,2024,with a median follow-up time of 12.5 months(from 6 to 18 months).They were divided into good prognosis group and poor prognosis group according to the follow-up prognosis.Clinical data of the two groups were compared,and the risk factors affecting the poor prognosis of MM patients were analyzed by logistic regression.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn to evaluate the predictive efficacy of serum LDH and calcium ions on poor prognosis in MM patients.Results Compared with the effective chemotherapy group,the serum LDH and calcium ionized water in the ineffective group were higher(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that serum LDH and calcium ion were closely related to chemotherapy response in MM patients(P＜0.05).There were significant differences in the proportion of hemoglobin,albumin,calcium ion,LDH,β2 microglobulin and bone marrow plasma cells between the good prognosis group and the poor prognosis group(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that hemoglobin＜90 g·L-1 and albumin＜35 g·L-1,calcium ion≥2.7 mmol·L-1,LDH≥ 240 U·L-1,β2 microglobulin ≥3.5 mg·L-1,marrow plasma cell ratio≥10％were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in MM patients(P＜0.05),that is,it was associated with poor prognosis in MM patients.ROC curve results showed that the sensitivity,specificity and area under the curve(AUC)of the combination of serum LDH and calcium ions in predicting poor prognosis of MM patients were 90.20％,72.50％and 0.901,respectively,indicating good predictive efficacy.Conclusion Serum LDH and calcium ions can be used as simple and reliable evaluation indexes for chemotherapy efficacy and prognosis of MM patients,and have certain guiding significance for improving clinical remission rate and prognosis of MM patients.