Bioinformatics Analysis of Colorectal Cancer Genes Based on Expression Profile Chip Data

GUO Xiaomin; LI Chunguang; WANG Ping'an

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-437X.2026.14.002

Abstract：Objective Bioinformatics analysis of colorectal cancer microarray data was used to screen differentially expressed genes in colorectal cancer and normal colon tissue cells,and to search for the key genes involved in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer,so as to provide theoretical basis for exploring the molecular mechanism of colorectal cancer.Methods Colorectal cancer gene expression data sets GSE10950,GSE41328,GSE74602 were obtained from GEO database,and differentially expressed genes were screened by GEO2R analysis,and GO analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed on differentially expressed genes by DAVID online tools.The STRING database was used to analyze the protein interaction network of differentially expressed genes and screen key genes.The expression and prognosis of the above screened differential genes in colorectal cancer samples in the TCGA database were examined by GEPIA online tool.Results A total of 161 differentially expressed genes in colorectal cancer were screened.Eight core differentially expressed genes were identified by protein interaction network analysis,which were CXCL8,CXCL1,CXCL2,CXCL12,ANPEP,CLCA4,CLCA1 and GNG4.The differentially expressed genes were analyzed again using GEPIA2,and it was found that the expressions of CXCL8,CXCL2,and GNG4 in colorectal cancer tissues were higher than those in normal tissues,while the expression of CLCA1 in colorectal cancer tissues was lower than that in normal tissues.In addition,GNG4 varies in different stages of colorectal cancer,and its expression in stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ colorectal cancer tissues was higher than that in stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ.Survival analysis was conducted to reveal that the survival rates of colorectal cancer patients with high expression levels of CXCL2 and CLCA1 were higher than those with low expression levels,while the survival rate of colorectal cancer patients with high expression levels of GNG4 was lower than that of patients with low expression levels,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion CXCL2,CLCA1 and GNG4 are influencing factors for the prognosis of colorectal cancer.Colorectal cancer patients with high expression of CXCL2 and CLCA1 have a better prognosis,while those with high expression of GNG4 have a poorer prognosis.It is of great significance for further research on the molecular mechanisms of the occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer and the screening of therapeutic targets.