Status and Risk Factors of Early Epileptic Seizure in Patients with Severe Craniocerebral Injury After Surgery

LI Linkun; SUN Ruixun; LIU Sa

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-437X.2026.02.020

Abstract：Objective To analyze the status quo and risk factors of early postoperative epilepsy(EP)seizure in patients with severe craniocerebral injury(sTBI).Methods A total of 516 patients with sTBI admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery of the Second People's Hospital of Nanyang from June 2019 to June 2023 received craniotomy and were followed up for 7 days after surgery.According to the occurrence of EP seizure,the patients were included in the EP group(50 cases)and the non-EP group(466 cases),and the clinical data of the patients were retrospectively collected.The status quo of early postoperative EP seizure in sTBI patients was analyzed,and the risk factors of early postoperative EP seizure in sTBI patients were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic analysis.Results After 7 d of postoperative follow-up,50 of 516 sTBI patients had early EP seizure,the incidence rate was 9.69％.Compared with the non-EP group,the proportions of brain contusion,intracranial hematoma,hyponatremia,midline displacement＞10 mm and cerebral hernia in the EP group were higher,and with significant differences(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic analysis showed that intracranial hematoma,hyponatremia,midline shift＞10 mm,and cerebral hernia were the risk factors for early postoperative EP seizure in sTBI patients,and with significant differences(OR=1.042,1.061,1.091,1.044,P＜0.05).Conclusion Early postoperative EP seizure was present in sTBI patients,and its risk factors included intracranial hematoma,hyponatremia,midline displacement＞10 mm,and cerebral hernia,which could provide basis for screening high-risk patients and developing clinical prevention and treatment strategies.