Effect of Uterine Microbiota on Repeated Implantation Failure of IVF-ET in Infertile Patients

MA Xinxiang; HAN Junjie; ZHANG Fuqing

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-437X.2025.24.011

Abstract：Objective To investigate the effect of uterine microbiota on recurrent implantation failure(RIF)in infertile patients undergoing in vitro fertilization embryo transfer(IVF-ET)assisted reproduction.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 116 infertile patients who underwent IVF-ET in the Department of Reproductive Medicine of Zhengzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2023 to December 2024.The patients were divided into RIF group and N-RIF group based on whether RIF occurred after transplantation.The uterine cavity microecology and data characteristics of the two groups were compared.Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the influence of uterine cavity microecology on RIF after IVF-ET assisted pregnancy in infertile patients.Results A total of 116 cases of infertility patients were collected,of which 50 patients did not become pregnant after at least 3 high-quality embryos were transplanted.The age of the RIF group was ≥ 35 years old,the thickness of the endometrium on the day of transplantation was 7-8 mm,and the dominant proportion of non Lactobacillus dominant(NLD)in the uterine cavity was higher than that of the N-RIF group.The E2 of human chorionic gonadotropin(hCG)day and antral follicle count(AFC)were lower than those of the N-RIF group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that age,hCG day E2,transplantation day endometrial thickness,AFC and uterine microecology were all influencing factors of RIF after IVF ET assisted pregnancy in infertility patients(P＜0.05).Conclusion The uterine microbiota is associated with RIF in infertile patients after IVF-ET assisted pregnancy,and the dominance of NLD in the uterine microbiota may increase the risk of RIF.