Effect of Changes in D-Dimer and Transforming Growth Factor-β1 on the Resistance to Antihistamine Therapy in Patients with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria

ZHANG Xue

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-437X.2025.11.012

Abstract：Objective To investigate the effects of changes in D-Dimer(D-D)and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)on the resistance to antihistamine therapy in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria.Methods This study was a prospective analysis.The patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria admitted to Department of Dermatology of Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from March 2021 to March 2023 were taken as the research objects.All patients were treated with levocetirizine for 2 weeks.At the end of treatment,the treatment effect was recorded and the levels of plasma D-D and serum TGF-β1 were measured before treatment.Point binary correlation and logistic regression analysis were used to examine the correlation and impact of plasma D-D and serum TGF-β1 levels before treatment on the patient's resistance to antihistamine therapy.Results A total of 108 patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria were included in this study,of which 56 patients were treated with resistance,accounting for 51.85％(56/108),they were included in the treatment resistance group,while the remaining 52 patients were included in the treatment sensitive group.The levels of plasma D-D and serum TGF-β1 in the treatment resistance group were higher than those in the treatment sensitive group(P＜0.05).Through point two column correlation analysis,there was a positive correlation between pre treatment plasma D-D and serum TGF-β1 levels and anti histamine treatment resistance in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria(r＞0,P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that high expression of plasma D-D and serum TGF-β1 before treatment were risk factors affecting the resistance to antihistamine therapy in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria(OR＞1,P＜0.05).Conclusion The resistance to antihistamine therapy in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria is related to the levels of plasma D-D and serum TGF-β1 before treatment,and the high expression of plasma D-D and serum TGF-β1 is a risk factor for their treatment resistance.