Influence of Gender on the Prognosis of Myocardial Infarction with Nonobstructive Coronary Artery

JIANG Tao; CHEN Yanan; WANG Weiguo; LIU Xiaoning; SHI Yunxiao

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-437X.2023.23.005

Abstract：Objective This study mainly explored the impact of gender differences on the clinical characteristics,predictive factors and prognosis of myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary artery(MINOCA).Methods A total of 138 patients diagnosed with MINOCA in Kaifeng Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2019 to December 2022 were selected,including 70 males and 68 females.Follow-up by telephone or outpatient service until January 2023 to determine whether patients have major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)which included cardiovascular death,nonfatal myocardial infarction,cerebral infarction,heart failure,and angina rehospitalization and the predictors of MACE.Results(1)The clinical characteristics of the two groups were different:①female patients with MINOCA were likely to be older than male patients[(67.4±11.8)years vs(58.1±10.2)years,P＜0.001],②female patients with higher non-ST elevation myocardial infarction rate(69.1%vs 51.5%,P=0.005),and the incidence of STEMI(ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction)was higher in males(48.5%vs 30.9%,P=0.005).(2)With the mean follow-up time of(20.5±3.1)months,the incidence of MACE in males and females patients was similar(17.4%vs 15.2%,P=0.356).(3)The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that more MACE in the female group were related to age,hypertension,left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),whereas diabetes,smoking,LVEF were in the male group.Conclusion There were differences in the clinical profiles between sexes.Clinical outcome is similar between male and female patients with MINOCA,whereas predictive risk factors varied.