Research on GIS-Based Hail Disaster Risk Zoning in Guizhou

Tang Piru; Peng Yuxiang; Cui Lei; Hu Feng; Liu Tao; Wang Zhiheng; Li Hao

doi:10.16765/j.cnki.1673-7148.2025.03.003

Abstract：Using the daily hail data and elevation data of 876 surface weather modification operation sites in 9 cities or prefectures in Guizhou Province from 2007 to 2023,the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of the number of hail days in the province and its correlation with elevation are analyzed.Further,7 indicators such as the number of hail days,terrain elevation and operation site distribution are selected as the evaluation indexes of three factors of hail risk zoning,i.e.,hazard-causing factor risk,hazard-forming environment sensitivity and disaster prevention and mitigation capability.Based on Ana-lytic Hierarchy Process(AHP),Geographic Information Systems(GIS)and other methods,the hail risk zoning in Guizhou is analyzed and studied.The results show that during the recent 17 years,the number of hail days in Guizhou has generally shown a fluctuating upward trend year by year.The distribution characteristics of hail in this province show obvious monthly and daily variations.The monthly variation of hail is unimodal,following a relatively standard parabola.The time period of hail events is mainly con-centrated in March to May each year,accounting for 73.4％of the total number of days with hail.The daily distribution of hail is dominated by the afternoon and night type[15:00,23:00),accounting for as high as 83％,followed by the night and morning type[23:00,07:00),taking up 12％,and then the morning and afternoon type[07:00,15:00),being 5％.The number of hail days in Guizhou varies greatly among regions,mainly showing a decrease trend from southwest to northeast.This is consistent with the terrain of Guizhou,which is high in the west and low in the east.Further research reveals that there is a very significant positive correlation between the number of hail days and the elevations of Guizhou,with the correlation coefficient reaching 0.608.Moreover,the risk of hail disasters in the northwestern and southwestern regions of Guizhou is relatively high,and the degree of hail risk is decrea-sing from west to east.