Polymorphism of PHKG1 Gene and Its Effects on Carcass and Meat Quality Traits in Xuanhe Pig

Zhu Yixuan; Wang Xiaoyi; Wu Ya; Zhang Ping; Zhang Kezhong; Huang Zhaojun; Guan Heping; Li Mingli; Lu Shaoxiong

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.07.014

Abstract：To explore the effects of phosphorylase kinase γ 1(PHKG1)gene polymorphism on carcass and meat quality traits of Xuanhe pig,a total of 110 Xuanhe pigs were used as experimental materials.Sanger sequencing was used to detect single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)loci of the PHKG1 gene.The least squares model was employed to analyze the effects of each locus and haplotype combination on carcass and meat quality traits.The results showed that five synonymous SNP loci of the PHKG1 gene were detected in Xuanhe pig.These loci were located in exon 3(rs319153825 and rs32868594)and exon 10(rs322352666,rs341765073,and rs709202338)regions,all of which were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.These loci were dominated by the AG(0.563 6),CC(0.836 4),TT(0.590 9),CC(0.836 4),and CC(0.836 4)genotypes,and the A(0.536 4),C(0.918 2),T(0.790 9),C(0.918 2),and C(0.918 2)alleles.The rs319153825 and rs322352666 loci exhibited moderate polymorphism[polymorphic information content(PIC):0.373 7 and 0.276 0]and relatively high genetic diversity[heterozygosity(H):0.497 4 and 0.330 7).The rs328686594,rs341765073,and rs709202338 loci exhibited low polymorphism(PIC=0.139 0)and low genetic diversity(H=0.150 2).The association analysis results showed that the rs319153825 locus was significantly associated with ham percentage and dressing percentage.The rs322352666 locus was extremely significantly associated with cooked percentage.The rs328686594,rs341765073,and rs709202338 loci were significantly associated with dressing percentage and intramuscular fat content.The ACTCC/ACTCC haplotype combination was significantly or extremely significantly associated with carcass straight length,loin eye area,dressing percentage,lean meat percentage,meat color score,marbling score,cooked percentage,and intramuscular fat content.Individuals with the ACTCC haplotype had the higher carcass and meat quality indicators,and exhibited significant synergistic effects.In summary,the polymorphism of PHKG1 gene has a significant regulatory effect on carcass and meat quality traits of Xuanhe pig,and can serve as a key candidate gene and molecular genetic marker,providing theoretical basis for molecular marker-assisted breeding and genetic improvement of Xuanhe pig.