Effects of Adding Cordyceps militaris Spent Mushroom Substrate on Mycelial Growth and Fruiting Body Yield of Pleurotus ostreatus

Yang Yue; Zhao Chengke; Sun Wenjiao; Xu Fangxu; Song Junting; Guo Yuan; Song Shuang; Liu Yuanyuan; Lu Caige; Zhang Dianpeng; Liu Yu

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.07.012

Abstract：To investigate the effects of spent mushroom substrate(SMS)of Cordyceps militaris on the growth,development,and yield of Pleurotus ostreatus,three SMS extraction treatments were designed:①extraction at 22℃for 8 h;② extraction at 55℃for 1 h followed by continuous extraction at 22℃for 7 h;③ extraction at 80℃for 1 h followed by continuous extraction at 22℃for 7 h.The extracts were added to PDA medium at volume ratios of 50%,70%,and 90%,with an equal volume of sterile distilled water as the control.The mycelial growth rate was determined after static culture of Pleurotus ostreatus at 25℃.In addition,cultivation experiments were conducted:SMS was directly incorporated into the substrate at mass ratios of 10%and 20%,while the extracts were added to the cultivation substrate at volume ratios of 5%and 10%.After inoculation with P.ostreatus strain 4195,the mycelial full-bag time,fruiting body yield,agronomic traits,and nutritional components were measured.The results showed that extracts from 22℃and 55℃treatments,as well as the 50%addition rate of the 80℃extract,significantly promoted mycelial growth of P.ostreatus.The highest mycelial growth rate was observed in the 50%addition rate of the 55℃extract treatment,whereas the 70%and 90%addition rates of the 80℃extract significantly inhibited mycelial growth.The mycelial full-bag time in all treatment groups was 1 day earlier than that of the control,and the 10%extract addition group had the highest biological efficiency(72.59%).The fruiting bodies from the 20%SMS direct addition treatment had the highest crude polysaccharide and amino acid contents,which were 1.51×10⁻²,2.42×10⁻² g/g,respectively.UPLC-MS/MS analysis revealed that the contents of humic acid and fulvic acid in C.militaris SMS were 1.111,13.515 mg/g,respectively,both of which had promoting effects on mycelial growth.In conclusion,both the addition of C.militaris SMS extracts and direct SMS incorporation can effectively promote mycelial growth,shorten the growth cycle,increase yield,and improve fruiting body quality of P.ostreatus,which is mainly related to active substances such as humic acid and fulvic acid in the SMS.