Study on Curing Characteristics and Optimization of Curing Technology for Characteristic Variety Chuanyan 200

HAN Hongxu; LIU Xiaoyan; WANG Songfeng; LI Junju; WANG Aihua; YIN Zhenhua; XIE Liangwen; JIN Shuaijie; WANG Xiaodong; LIU Ling; GU Huizhan

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.04.016

Abstract：To clarify the curing characteristics of Chuanyan 200 and accurately match the bulk curing barn technology to improve the quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves,the main cultivar Zhongchuan 208 in Guangyuan City,Sichuan Province was used as a control to analyze the yellowing,browning,water loss characteristics and their coordination of mature fresh leaves of Chuanyan 200 under dark box condition.Based on its curing characteristics,two baking processes,namely high-temperature and medium-humidity yellowing(T1)and medium-temperature and high-humidity yellowing(T2),were established during the middle and late yellowing stage to the early color-fixing stage(dry-bulb temperature:38-44℃).The local practice of medium-temperature and medium-humidity yellowing was used as the control(CK).The effects of each process on the economic traits,appearance quality,chemical composition content and sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves were systematically compared.The results showed that under dark box conditions,compared with Zhongchuan 208,the yellowing index of the middle and upper leaves of Chuanyan 200 was significantly decreased by 2.57％and 5.15％,respectively;the browning index of the middle and upper leaves was significantly increased by 41.60％and 9.16％,respectively;and the water loss rate of the middle and upper leaves was significantly increased by 25.00％and 9.68％,respectively,during the 60-120 h of dark box observation(corresponding to the mid-to-late yellowing stage and the pre-color-fixing stage in the curing process).The coordination index(K1)of yellowing and water loss in the middle and upper leaves of Chuanyan 200 was 0.82,and the degree of deviation from the ideal value(1)was greater than that of Zhongchuan 208,indicating that the water loss rate was too fast and uncoordinated with the yellowing process.During the color fixing period,the browning and water loss coordination index(K2)of the middle and upper leaves were 1.96 and 2.20,respectively,which were higher than that of Zhongchuan 208,indicating that the browning rate was too fast and the water loss was lagging behind.It was precisely because the performance of these two key coordination indexes was not as good as that of Zhongchuan 208,resulting in relatively inferior overall easy baking and baking resistance properties.Comparative analysis showed that compared with CK,T1 treatment significantly increased the proportion of medium-premium tobacco leaves and the average price of chuan yan 200,with increases of 26.75％and 38.21％for middle leaves,and 38.03％and 18.56％for upper leaves,respectively.Meanwhile,the proportion of greenish and varuegated tobacco leaves decreased significantly by 31.63％for middle leaves and 36.98％for upper leaves.The starch content of upper leaves under T1 treatment was significantly reduced by 27.67％compared with CK.In terms of appearance quality,T1 treatment showed no significant improvement for middle leaves,whereas the upper leaves under T1 treatment were superior to those under CK treatment in terms of color,structure and chroma.Compared with the CK,in terms of total polyphenol content and sensory evaluation,T1 increased by 41.04％and 1.28％for middle leaves,and 18.31％and 5.65％for upper leaves,respectively.Although the T2 treatment also exhibited better economic traits than the CK treatment,it showed decreases in appearance quality,total polyphenol content and sensory evaluation score.In conclusion,Chuanyan 200 is a tobacco variety characterized by relatively slow yellowing,rapid water loss and browning,and poor coordination between yellowing and water loss,thus presenting a higher curing difficulty than Zhongchuan 208.The application of the high-temperature and medium-humidity yellowing curing regimen(T1)could specifically make up for the deficiencies in its curing characteristics,which is conducive to comprehensively improving the quality of tobacco leaves.