Isolation and Identification of Chaetomium globosum from Wheat Roots and Its Biocontrol Effect on Take-All Disease

FENG Chaohong; XU Fei; ZHANG Jiaojiao; LI Lijuan; HAN Zihang; LIU Lulu; ZHAO Guojian

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.11.010

Abstract：To develop green control strategies for wheat take-all,Chaetomium globosum was isolated from the roots of healthy wheat plants in different regions of Henan Province and identified through morphological and molecular methods.This study aimed to investigate the antagonistic capability of the root-endophytic C.globosum against the take-all pathogen Gaeumannomyces graminis and to elucidate its underlying metabolic regulatory mechanisms.The results showed that a total of 27 strains of C.globosum were isolated and identified from the wheat roots.Through plate antagonism assays and seedling experiments,15 strains with significant growth-promoting and disease-preventing effects were screened.These strains exhibited inhibition rates of 33.7%to 65.1%against the pathogen Gaeumannomyces graminis GaNS-90 in plate assays,with control efficacies ranging from 30.4%to 64.6%at the seedling stage.Considering the production of perithecia,strain M12XP1-2-3 was identified as the optimal strain.Transcriptome analysis indicated that C.globosum M12XP1-2-3 exerted its antagonistic effects through multiple pathways,including resource competition,metabolic reprogramming,and antibiotic pressure,by regulating the expression of genes related to carbohydrate metabolism,lipid metabolism,and drug resistance in G.graminis.The fermentation broth of M12XP1-2-3 significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of the pathogen(inhibition rate of 89.4%)and provided a control efficacy of 39.8%against wheat take-all at the seedling stage.Furthermore,it alleviated the host's excessive defense response by downregulating peroxidase(POD)and polyphenol oxidase(PPO)activities and reducing the accumulation of osmotic substances,thereby promoting the recovery of wheat growth.In summary,C.globosum M12XP1-2-3 can control wheat take-all through the synergistic effects of the antagonistic mechanisms via metabolites and the regulation of host defense responses,providing a new strategy for the green control of this disease.