A Comparative Study on the Developmental Anatomy of Embryos from Gabengcui Jujube and Golden-silk Jujube

CHEN Zizhu; QING Jun; BAO Wenhui; WANG Yaping; GE Genzhula; BAI Yu'e

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.04.011

Abstract：To investigate the period of embryo failure in Golden-silk jujube and discuss the causes of such failure,in this study,external morphological and anatomical observations were made on two varieties of jujube,Gabengcui jujube and Golden-silk jujube,during different developmental periods.The results showed that the development trend of young fruits of Golden-silk jujube from 3 d after flowering to 35 d after flowering was smooth,and the development trend of Gabengcui jujube was slow-fast,and the fruit development of Gabengcui jujube was faster than that of Golden-silk jujube.And 30 percent of Gabengcui jujube had tridentate split stigmas.Anatomical observation found that Golden-silk jujube and Gabengcui jujube ovary had two compartments,each bearing an anatropous ovule,but Gabengcui jujube had phenomenon of double embryonic compartments and three ovules with a 30%incidence.In most of the fruits an ovule shrivelled,forming a single ovule.At the beginning of the embryo development process,the endosperm development of Golden-silk jujube was obviously slower than that of Gabengcui jujube,while the embryo development of Golden-silk jujube was faster than that of Gabengcui jujube;endosperm disintegration,ovule atrophy and embryo failure phenomenon appeared in Golden-silk jujube at 30 d after flowering,and the endosperm,ovule and embryo of Golden-silk jujube disappeared at 35 d after flowering.The embryo,endosperm and bead centre of Gabengcui jujube developed normally.On the whole,the fruit development of Gabengcui jujube was faster than that of Golden-silk jujube.The embryo abortion time of Golden-silk jujube was 30 d after flowering,and both endosperm and embryo were aborted.