Effects of Flue-cured Tobacco and Wheat Intercropping on Soil Microorganisms and Fertility in Xuchang Tobacco Growing Area

GE Menglong; HE Bing; BAI Feng; HUANG Peiyuan; HE Mengying; LI Jianhua; LI Yuyang; SHEN Hongtao; GAO Jiakai; WANG Yanfang; LIU Ling

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.04.007

Abstract：To investigate the effect of wheat/tobacco intercropping on soil quality in Xuchang tobacco growing area,soil samples were collected through multi-point sampling in the field.High throughput sequencing technology was used to study the differences in soil microbial diversity and community composition between flue-cured tobacco(CK)and wheat tobacco intercropping(I)planting modes.The relationship between soil environmental factors and soil microbial diversity and community composition was further analyzed by combining soil physical and chemical properties and enzyme activity.The results showed that the wheat tobacco intercropping planting mode significantly increased the Chao1 index of soil bacterial communities and significantly reduced the Simpson index compared to the flue-cured tobacco planting mode;Significantly increased soil fungal ACE index and Chao1 index.NMDS analysis(Non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis)showed that there were certain differences in community structure between the two planting modes of tobacco.The wheat tobacco intercropping planting model significantly increased the relative abundance of Acidobacteria and Myxococcata at the bacterial phylum level compared to the flue-cured tobacco planting model,while significantly reduced the relative abundance of Firmicutes;At the fungal phylum level,the relative abundance of Mortierellomycota significantly increased,while the relative abundance of Ascomycota and Chytridiomycota significantly decreased.LEfSe analysis results showed that the wheat tobacco intercropping planting mode(11 bacterial groups and 35 fungal groups)increased the number of differential indicator fungal groups and decreased the number of differential indicator bacterial groups compared to the flue-cured tobacco planting mode(16 bacterial groups and 17 fungal groups).Compared with the monoculture planting mode of tobacco,the intercropping planting mode of wheat and tobacco significantly increased the soil total potassium,alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen content,and sucrase activity,while significantly reduced the soil pH value and available potassium content.The Pearson correlation analysis results indicated that soil total nitrogen,total potassium,alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen,available potassium content,urease and sucrase activity were the main factors affecting soil microbial community diversity.The redundancy analysis results indicated that alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen content,available potassium content,and sucrase activity were the main environmental factors affecting the structure of soil bacterial and fungal communities.In summary,adopting the wheat tobacco intercropping planting mode could improve the soil microbial community structure,increase soil nutrient content and enzyme activity,and is beneficial for improving soil fertility.