Effects of Tillage and Straw Returning Methods on Yield and N2O Emission of Winter Wheat

ZHAO Lishang; YANG Tiancong; ZHANG Xiaomei; SONG Quanhao; MA Zhiyao; FENG Wei; DUAN Jianzhao

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.04.003

Abstract：In order to seek technical measures for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing yield in winter wheat production,winter wheat in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain was taken as the research object,the effects of different tillage methods[shallow rotating tillage(S)and deep tillage(D)]and straw returning methods[no straw returning(N),direct straw returning(R)and charred straw returning to field(C)]on dry matter accumulation,nitrogen absorption and utilization,yield and N2O emission of winter wheat were studied.The results showed that deep tillage and straw returning promoted plant growth,increased dry matter accumulation,enhanced nitrogen absorption and utilization,and synergistically increased yield components,thus increasing yield.Compared with SN treatment,the nitrogen use efficiency of SR and SC treatments increased by 16.08%—18.34%and 12.27%—14.03%,and that of DN,DR and DC treatments increased by 19.20%—28.70%,37.60%—40.90%and 24.80%—34.50%,respectively.DR and DC treatments were more beneficial to nitrogen absorption,and improve utilization efficiency.Ear number of DR and DC treatments increased by 7.27%—8.31%and 12.97%—15.03%,grain number per ear increased by 10.34%—9.25%and 6.90%—8.03%,and yield increased by 8.00%—15.15%and 7.00%—9.09%,respectively.Compared with S treatment,D treatment reduced the peak of N2O emission flux,R treatment increased the peak of N2O emission flux compared with N treatment,and C treatment reduced the peak of N2O emission flux compared with N treatment.Compared with SN treatment,N2O emission accumulation of DR and DC treatments decreased by 1.15%—2.04%and 5.53%—15.14%,respectively.To sum up,deep tillage and straw returning are beneficial to the growth and development of winter wheat,increase yield,save energy and reduce emission,among which DC treatment can be used as the best tillage measure to increase yield and reduce N2O emission in winter wheat production in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain.