Effect of Bacillus on Seed Germination and Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Maize under Salt-Alkali Stress

DENG Cong; MA Lu; WANG Qingsong; FU Jian; WANG Yufeng; YANG Kejun

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2025.03.003

Abstract：In order to study the mitigation effect of Bacillus on salt-alkali stress of maize at germination stage,maize with different salt-alkali tolerance(Kennian No.1,Xianyu 335,Jiaqiu 105)were used as materials,the germination test was carried out by inoculating Bacillus under salt stress(100 mmol/L NaCl)and alkali stress(60 mmol/L NaHCO3),and the effects of Bacillus on the length,antioxidant enzyme(POD,SOD,CAT,APX)activity,osmotic adjustment substance(soluble protein,soluble sugar,free proline)content,membrane lipid peroxidation(superoxide anion and malondialdehyde contents)of maize plantule and embryo root under salt-alkali stress were studied.The results showed that the growth of maize plantule and embryo root was inhibited under salt-alkali stress,and the activities of antioxidant enzymes,the contents of osmotic adjustment substances and the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation all showed an upward trend.Compared with salt-alkali stress,Bacillus could increase the length,antioxidant enzymes activities and contents of osmotic adjustment substances,and reduce the degree of lipid peroxidation of plantule and embryo root of three maize varieties under salt-alkali stress.Under salt stress,inoculation of Bacillus decreased the content of superoxide anion of maize plantule by 14.74％—49.30％,and the content of superoxide anion of maize embryo root by 0.37％—57.55％;Under alkali stress,inoculation of Bacillus decreased the content of superoxide anion of maize plantule by 18.11％—46.31％,and the content of superoxide anion of maize embryo root by 15.36％—46.83％.Overall,Bacillus can scavenge reactive oxygen species and maintain osmotic pressure balance by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and contents of osmotic adjustment substances,reduce the damage caused by salt-alkali stress to maize germination,and then improve the tolerance to salt and alkali.