Effects of Adding Biochar and Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria on Wheat Yield and Soil Environment under Mine Wastewater Irrigation

JIN Suna; ZHOU Wenfeng; WU Zhong

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2024.10.012

Abstract：Using the new wheat line of China Agricultural University,Nongda 136,as the experimental object,a pot planting method was used to study the effects of adding 5%,10%,15%biochar and various concentrations of biochar+plant growth promoting bacteria(PGPB)to soil under mine wastewater irrigation on wheat yield and soil environment.The results showed that compared with ordinary well water irrigation,soil enzyme activity was weakened and microbial carbon and nitrogen content was reduced under mine wastewater irrigation;The vitality of wheat root system decreased,with the highest performance at the jointing stage,followed by the flowering stage,and the lowest at the heading stage;The plant height,single stem dry matter weight,actual yield and biomass yield of wheat at different growth stages showed a decreasing trend.However,adding various concentrations of biomass charcoal and PGPB treatment was beneficial for improving soil environment,promoting wheat growth and yield increase.Compared with the control treatment,the soil catalase,sucrase,polyphenol oxidase,acid phosphatase,and dehydrogenase activities increased by 90.6%,37.5%,60.3%,55.7%,and 69.2%respectively when treated with 10%biomass charcoal+PGPB under mine wastewater irrigation;The soil pH value,total nitrogen,and available potassium content increased by 11.1%,185.4%and 63.9%,respectively;The soil microbial biomass nitrogen content reached 139.1 mg/kg and microbial biomass carbon content reached 253.4 mg/kg during the wheat heading stage treated with 10%biomass charcoal+PGPB;The biological yield and actual yield of mature wheat increased by 24.4%and 24.0%,respectively.In summary,the addition of different concentrations of biomass charcoal and PGPB treatment can improve soil enzyme activity,microbial carbon and nitrogen content under mine wastewater irrigation,significantly improve soil physicochemical properties,increase relative chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate and root vitality of wheat at different growth stages,increase plant height,single stem dry weight and yield at maturity.Among them,the best yield increase effect is achieved under the treatment of 10%biomass charcoal+PGPB.