Rhizome Quality Characteristics of Polygonatum rhizoma in Different Habitats and Driving Factors in Rhizosphere Soil Environment

YU Gao; WANG Hai; MO Zhongmei; CHEN Fen

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2023.12.007

Abstract：In order to screen the dominant environmental factors affecting the quality of Polygonatum rhizoma,the rhizomes and rhizosphere soils of Polygonatum rhizoma from different sources in 15 plots(S1—S15)around Fanjing Mountain,Tongren City,Guizhou Province,were used as materials,rhizome quality indexes of Polygonatum rhizoma and rhizosphere soil pH value,nutrient content and soil enzyme activity were determined,the correlation between rhizome quality indexes and soil environmental factors was analyzed,and principal component analysis(PCA)was used to screen out the driving factors in soil environment affecting rhizome quality of Polygonatum rhizoma.The results showed that there were certain differences in the rhizome drying rate,extract content,polysaccharides content,and total ash content of Polygonatum rhizoma under different habitat conditions and basal sources.Among them,Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua had the highest drying rate,Polygonatum sibircum Red.had the highest content of extract,and Polygonatum kingianum Coll.et Hemsl.had the highest polysaccharide content and the lowest total ash content.The average drying rate and polysaccharide content of 4-year-old Polygonatum rhizoma were higher than those of 5-year-old Polygonatum rhizoma,while the extract content was lower than that of 5-year-old Polygonatum rhizoma.The pH value of rhizosphere soil was moderate,except that the contents of organic matter,available nitrogen in S6,S12 and S15 and available potassium in S3 and S9 were deficient(level four),the rhizosphere soils of other plots were rich in nutrients and enzymes,which was suitable for the growth and development of Polygonatum rhizoma.Correlation analysis showed that soil enzyme activity was closely related to nutrient content in rhizosphere,and the quality of Polygonatum rhizoma was directly or indirectly affected by soil environmental factors such as soil pH value,nutrient content and enzyme activity.Principal component analysis indicated that the main soil environmental factors affecting rhizome quality of Polygonatum rhizoma were sucrase,catalase,pH value,organic matter,total nitrogen,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,acid phosphatase,available potassium,and the comprehensive scores of S1,S4,S7 and S14 were higher in different plots.