Occurrence Regularity of Sesame Diseases, Insect Pests, Weeds,Waterlogging and Simplified Green Control Technology in Nanyang City

XIE Fuxin; LI Chenghuan; LIU Yan; ZHANG Wenjing; WANG Feixue; ZHENG Minjun; HU Weili

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2018.01.011

Abstract：In order to prevent and control sesame diseases,insect pests,weeds,waterlogging scientifically,and to achieve the production target of high yield,stable production,high quality and high efficiency of sesame,a systemic investigation on sesame diseases,insect pests,weeds,waterlogging was conducted continuously in 2010-2016,and the simplified green control technology for sesame diseases,insect pests,weeds,waterlogging was tested in 2014-2016.The survey results showed that the main diseases of sesame in Nanyang city were damping-off,Fusarium wilt,stem blight,powdery mildew,leaf blight and blight.Sesame damping-off occurred at the seedling stage,other diseases occurred in the middle and later flowering stage.The main pest insects were black cutworm,Spodoptera exigua,Helicoverpa armigera,aphids and crickets.The pest at seedling stage was mainly black cutworm,the crickets harmed after flowering stage,while other pests harmed during the whole growth period.The widespread weeds in sesame field were crabgrass,goosegrass,copperleaf,purslane,wiregrass,wheat seedlings,barnyardgrass,Herba cephalanoploris,Amaranthus retroflexus,regional weeds were Cyperus rotundus,Convolvulus arvensis,Xanthium sibiricum,Celosia argentea,wild watermelon seedlings,Cucumis bisexualis,Abutilon.These weeds came out along with sesame seedlings.During the growth period of sesame,the water in the field for a long time caused waterlogging.Waterlogging and disease resistant varieties had high resistance to waterlogging.According to the occurrence regularity of sesame diseases,insect pests,weeds,waterlogging,by optimization of chemicals and technology integration,simplified green control technology was developed.The tests showed that after using this technology,it could increase production by 25.58％-52.17％ compared with no control,and by 7.17％-13.51％ compared with the conventional control,and the ratio of production to investment in general years was significantly improved.