Study on High Efficient Fertilization Technology of Winter Wheat and Summer Maize

SUN Kegang; YANG Huanhuan; ZHANG Kun; HE Ailing; DU Jun

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2017.10.007

Abstract：In order to improve nitrogen use efficiency and reduce the labor intensity of farmers,a field experiment was conducted in winter wheat-summer maize field in lime concretion black soil region of Zhumadian to study high-efficiency fertilization technique from 2013-2014.The results showed that compared with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer treatment,the application of nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased crop yield.The yield of wheat and maize increased by 19.4％-41.8％ and 16.7％-39.4％ respectively.Compared with farmer custom fertilizer treatment,the optimized fertilization treatment and nitrogen controlled-release fertilizers treatment had significant effects on increasing yield.The yield of wheat increased by 11.2％-17.0％,and the yield of maize increased by 11.7％-18.4％.Compared with the optimized fertilization treatment,the application of controlled release fertilizer got the same effect on increasing the yield of wheat and maize,while it reduced fertilization frequency.Compared with controlled release fertilizer,under 20％ reduction in nitrogen treatment,the yield of wheat and maize decreased by 4.9％-7.1％ and 5.2％-8.7％ respectively.Compared with farmer custom fertilizer treatment,the optimized fertilization treatment and nitrogen controlled-release fertilizers treatment had significant effects on increasing nitrogen use efficiency.The nitrogen use efficiency of wheat increased by 58.3％-74.4％,and the nitrogen use efficiency of maize increased by 64.9％-83.7％.In addition,the results showed that the effect of controlled-release fertilizer was better in reducing the residual amount of soil NO3--N in soil profiles.Based upon comprehensive analysis,the application of controlled release fertilizer had significant effects in improving yield and nitrogen use efficiency,while reduced fertilization frequency,and it was better to reduce the residual nitrate-N residue in soil profiles.