The Emergence Rhythm of Eurytoma maslovskii Nikolskaya Adults in Field and Its Influencing Factors

ZHANG Kunpeng; WU Haibin; GONG Qingtao; SUN Ruihong

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2017.03.018

Abstract：To provide forecast for control of Eurytoma maslovskii Nikolskaya,the rhythm in the field of E.maslovskii Nikolskaya breaking out from the peach pit and the influential meteorological factors were investigated via the continuous field observation method in Tai'an region.The results showed that the ratio of pest-containing peach pit was 45.38% in 2016,and the growth period of E.maslovskii Nikolskaya was consistent with the phenological period of peach.The adults started to emerge on 11 April,exactly in the young fruit stage of peach.The peak amount of male adults emerged on 13 April,and they disappeared after 22 April.The outbreak period was 12 d.The peak amount of female adults and population emerged on 17 April,and they disappeared after 24 April.The outbreak period was both 14 d.In the later outbreak period,the peach pit began to stone-harden.During the former period of adult emergence,the adult amount was positively related to the daily average temperature,and raining and temperature plummeting negatively influenced the adult activities.The meteorological factors had little influence on the adult amount after the peak period.The adult of E.maslovskii Nikolskaya emerged mainly at 8:00-16:00,and the population emerged mainly at 10:00-11:00.The ratio of female adults increased day by day during the adult emergencing period.During the emergence period,the mortality rate of population was 50.25%,the emergencing rate was 45.86%,and the diapause rate was 3.89%.In conclusion,the adults of E.maslovskii Nikolskaya emerge rhythmically,and the emergencing rhythm is closely related to the phenological period of peach and meteorological factors,which will provide the basis for control of E.maslovskii Nikolskaya.