Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Rate on Water Consumption, Yield and Water Production Efficiency of Wheat under Different Tillage and Soil Moisture Conservation Measures

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2016.04.014

Abstract：In order to find out reasonable soil moisture conservation and fertilization mode for increasing yield in meadow soil district,a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of the common tillage,subsoiling,straw mulching,water-retaining agent with different nitrogen application rate (0,120, 240 kg/ha) on crop water consumption, yield and water production efficiency. The results showed that water consumption of wheat was the highest compared with other treatments in the whole growth period of wheat when nitrogen application rate was appropriate. While when the nitrogen application rate was zero or the and nitrogen application rate was too many,the water consumption of wheat was lower,which of the treatment with straw mulching was the lowest. On the whole,the net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of wheat first increased and then decreased with the increase of the nitrogen fertilizer application rate, while the leaf water use efficiency increased with the increase of the nitrogen fertilizer application rate. The net photosynthetic rate of treatment 6 ( subsoiling + N of 120 kg/ha) was the highest,and which of treatment 10 ( subsoiling + N of 240 kg/ha) and 11 ( straw cover + N of 240 kg/ha) were higher. The moisture conservation measures significantly increased wheat yield and water production efficiency, and the yield increased initially and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application rate. The yield of the treatment 6 was the highest, increased by 30. 5% compared with the control( common till-age),followed by the treatment 8 (SAP + N of 120 kg/ha),treatment 7 (strawcover + N of 120 kg/ha), treatment 10,treatment 11. While the water production efficiency of the treatment 11 was the highest, which increased by 50. 4% compared with the control,followed by the treatment 10,treatment 8.