Breeding Progress and Developing Trend of Zhoukou Wheat in Henan Province

YIN Guihong; HAN Yulin; HUANG Feng; TANG Jianwei; WANG Lina; GAO Yan; YU Haifei; LI Nannan; ZHANG Qian; ZOU Shaokui; YANG Guangyu; LI Xinping

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2015.04.008

Abstract：In order to provide the reference of both theory and experience for genetic breeding of wheat, this paper reviewed the research work of wheat breeding by Zhoukou Academy of Agricultural Sciences from 2010 to the present. Main results were as follows:(1) 11 wheat varieties( lines) were bred by Zhoukou Academy of Agricultural Sciences successively,of which three were authorized by National Crop Variety Examination and Approving Committee and three by Henan Crop variety Certification Committee, while ano-ther four are being tested in the National or Henan Crop Variety Examination. The average yield of new wheat cultivars(lines) was 8 073. 0 kg / ha,increasing by 6. 80% in comparison with Zhoumai 18. The highest yield was 12 000 kg / ha. The average plant height was 75. 4 cm. All the varieties had good re-sistance to lodging,coldness,stripe rust,leaf rust and powdery mildew,but were susceptible to sheath blight and wheat head blight,with good mature appearance. 63. 6% of the new varieties(lines) carried the high molecular weight glutenin subunits 1 and 7 + 8,with the average protein content of 15. 46% ,the gluten content of 32. 4% ,the sedimentation of 47. 2 mL,the stable time of 10. 0 min and low PPO activi-ty,indicating that the quality of Zhoumai cultivars has be substantially improved. (2) The conventional breeding selection + limited backcross + molecular detection + indoor quality identification + in situ gener-ation adding technology were used. 10 excellent germplasms with high yield potential,good quality and good resistance were created by crossing the high-yield and dwarf breeding materials of Zhoumai with the excellent wheat breeding materials from both china and abroad,such as the synthetic hexaploid,7Ag· 7DL translocation,high quality Subunits 7OE ,slow mildew or rust resistance,etc. In view of the problems found in Zhoumai like narrow genetic basis,infected sheath blight and wheat head blight,and weakness in efficient utilization of resources,the emphasis of Zhoumai breeding in the future should put on improving the conventional breeding method by combining molecular marker,quality analysis,in situ add generation technology,double haploid technology and disease resistance evaluation,and selecting the new wheat vari-eties with high and stable yield, wide fitness, lodging resistance, cold resistance, disease resistance, drought resistance,high quality,suitability for mechanized harvesting,on the basis of distant hybridization to create new germplasms.