Effects of Combined Application of Nitrogen and Organic Fertilizer and Straw Returning on Wheat Growth and Yield

LIU Jun; CHEN Rongli; CHEN Guiyue; ZHAO Dongcheng; ZHANG Xiaojing; LI Fuzhong; LI Tianfu

doi:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2015.03.012

Abstract：In order to study the effects of combined application of nitrogen and organic fertilizer and straw returning on wheat growth and yield,the field comparative test was carried out under straw returning and no straw returning conditions,using Zhengmai 366 as material with different fertilization amount ( pure ni-trogen fertilizer of 0 kg/ha,pure nitrogen fertilizer of 180 kg/ha,pure nitrogen fertilizer of 180 kg/ha+dry chicken manure of 1 500 kg/ha,pure nitrogen fertilizer of 270 kg/ha). The results indicated that straw returning could not influence the wheat growth stages under no organic fertilizer condition, while straw returning could accelerate the wheat blossom stage and mature stage under organic fertilizer condi-tion,organic fertilizer could postpone the wheat blossom stage and mature stage. Straw returning could pro-mote the wheat tiller and ear development,and increase the spike number,grain number per spike,thou-sand grain weight and grain yield under no nitrogen fertilizer condition. Straw returning could increase the wheat ear number,thousand grain weight and grain yield under nitrogen fertilizer of 180 kg/ha condition. Straw returning could restrain the wheat tiller and ear development,and decrease the grain number per spike,thousand grain weight and grain yield under nitrogen fertilizer of 270 kg/ha condition. Nitrogen and organic fertilizer could promote the wheat tiller and ear development,and increase the spike number,grain number per spike,thousand grain weight and grain yield under no straw returning condition,and the spike number and grain yield increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application amount. Nitrogen fer-tilizer could promote the wheat tiller and ear development,and increase the spike number,grain number per spike,thousand grain weight and grain yield under straw returning condition, but the spike number and grain yield decreased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application amount. Organic fertilizer could increase the spike number,and decrease the grain number per spike, thousand grain weight and grain yield. In short,the treatment with nitrogen fertilizer of 180 kg/ha and dry chicken manure of 1 500 kg/ha was the best under no straw returning condition, while the treatment with nitrogen fertilizer of 180 kg/ha was the best under straw returning condition, and the former was better than the latter.