Breeding Direction of Food Crops in Henan Province

XIE Zong-fang

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-3268.2013.11.006

Abstract：T he fine varieties are the basis for food production ,and the proper breeding direction is es-sential for breeding good varieties .Based on the circumstances and grain production reality in Henan province ,the statistic data of grain production were used to analyze the current situation of grain pro-duction and the influencing factors .The result showed that ,in Henan ,the increase of total grain out-put mainly relied on the growth of yield per unit area ,which was realized by inceasing the wheat and corn output .The meteorological disasters were frequent ,the anti-disaster ability was weak ,the chem-ical fertilizer investment was excessive ,the material transformation efficiency was low ,and the agri-cultural non-point source pollution became serious .The quality and distribution of farm land were un-balanced ,and the medium and low yielding farmland had the increasing potential of production .In the process of crop breeding ,much attention was put on the yield characters while the related characters w ere neglected ;the germplasm resources w ere narrow ,leading to the simplification of leading varie-ties .The number of farmers decreased because of the shift of rural labor force .Based on above analy-sis ,the crop breeding direction was proposed :high yield ,high efficiency ,adaptability ,stress resist-ance ,special-purpose and security .T hrough the adjustment of breeding direction ,the breeding level of food crops could be improved and fine varieties could be bred ,so as to realize the intensive use of land ,the intensive cost-saving of material ,the intensive substitution of labour force ,the intensive loss reducing of environment and the intensive high-efficiency of technology in grain production ,and pro-mote the sustainable and stable development of grain production .