Study on Hydrogel Loaded with Mice Placental Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Promoting Wound Healing in Diabetic Mellitus Mice

WU Haibin; QIN Jing; ZHANG Yi

doi:10.13730/j.issn.2097-2148.2025.09.002

Abstract：Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of methacrylated gelatin(GelMA)hydrogel loaded with mice placental derived mesenchymal stem cells(PDMSCs)in promoting wound healing in diabetic mellitus mice.Methods PDMSCs-GelMA hydrogel was prepared by light curing method,the microstructure of PDMSCs-GelMA hydrogel was observed through scanning electron microscope,5-e-thynyl-2-deoxyuridine5(EdU)was used to detect the cell proliferation of PDMSCs in hydrogel;live-dead cell stai-ning was used to detect the cell survival rate of PDMSCs in hydrogel;the expressions of epidermal growth factor(EGF)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)of leach liquor in PDMSCs-GelMA hydrogel was detected by en-zyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),the cultured PDMSCs were divided into hydrogel group and non-hydrogel group,hydrogel extract group and non-hydrogel extract group depending on whether it contained hydrogel or not.The full-thickness skin injury model was established on the back of mice by using hole punch,and the mice were divided into phosphate buffered saline(PBS)group,PDMSCs group and PDMSCs-GelMA group,with 9 mice in each,the mice in each group was treated with equal volumes of PBS,PDMSCs and PDMSCs-GelMA respectively,the healing of the back wound of mice was observed on the 1st,7th and 14th days of the treatment,hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and Mas-son staining were used to detect the collagen tissue in the epidermis and dermis of the wound skin tissue at the 7th day,immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect epidermal stem cells,neovascularization and inflammation in the skin wound at the 7th day.Results PDMSCs-GelMA hydrogel was successfully prepared,scanning electron microscopy ob-served that PDMSCs-GelMA exhibited highly porous and interconnected internal structure and the cells grew well and full of pores.EdU assay confirmed that the proliferation rate of PDMSCs with hydrogel was significantly higher than that in non-hydrogel group(P＜0.05).Live-dead cell staining showed that cytoactive of PDMSCs in hydrogel group was slight-ly higher than that in the non-hydrogel group,but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).ELISA results showed that on the 3rd and 7th days of the culture,the concentrations of EGF and VFGF in the hydrogel extract group were lower than those in the non-hydrogel extract group(all P＜0.05).Compared with the PBS group,the wound healing rate of mice in PDMSCs group and PDMSCs-GelMA group increased(all P＜0.05);com-pared with PDMSCs group,the wound healing rate of PDMSCs-GelMA group significantly increased(P＜0.05).The re-sults of HE staining and Masson staining showed that the new granulation tissue and collagen deposition rate in PDMSCs-GelMA group were significantly higher than those in PBS group and PDMSCs group.On the 7th day after operation,compared with PBS group,the positive numbers of Brdu and CD1 1 b in PDMSCs group and PDMSCs-GelMA group in-creased,and the expression of PDMSCs-GelMA group was higher than that of PDMSCs group(all P＜0.05);the CD45 positive number decreased,and the number of PDMSCs-GelMA group was lower than those of PDMSCs group(all P＜0.05).Conclusion PDMSCs-GelMA hydrogel has good permeability of nutrients,PDMSCs-GelMA hydrogel promotes diabetic mellitus wound healing by promoting granulation tissue proliferation,neovascularization and epithelialization,while reducing inflammatory response.