Study on the Effects of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation and Gegen Qinlian Decoction on Diarrheal Irritable Bowel Syndrome Rats with Damp-heat Syndrome Based on Multi-omics Analysis

WEN Na; HU Yunlian; TANG Binbin; HUANG Chaoqun; ZHANG Qian; SU Chengxia

doi:10.13730/j.issn.2097-2148.2025.03.001

Abstract：Objective To explore the effects of fe-cal microbiota transplantation(FMT)and Gegen Qinlian Decoction on diarrheal irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)rats with damp-heat syndrome from the perspectives of microbiomics and metabolomics.Methods A total of 40 SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,FMT group and traditional Chinese medicine group,with 10 rats in each.Rats in the control group were normally fed;the remaining 30 rats were used to establish the IBS-D rat model of damp-heat syndrome by composite modeling method,except that the IBS-D rat model of damp-heat syndrome was estab-lished,the rats in the model group were normally fed and given normal saline by gavage as the control group;rats in the FMT group were given fecal microbiota intervention from healthy and qualified donor rats;rats in the traditional Chinese medicine group were treated with Gegen Qinlian Decoction,and the interventions lasted 14 d.Changes in fecal character-istics of the rats were observed,16S rRNA sequencing technology was used to detect microorganisms in the feces of rats;non-targeted metabolomics methods were used to analyze fecal and serum samples to identify differential metabolites and analyze metabolic pathways.Results ① In terms of fecal particle counts,before intervention,compared with the control group,the rats in model group,FMT group and traditional Chinese medicine group showed significant increase in fecal particle counts(all P＜0.05).At the 1st and 2nd weeks after interventions,compared with the control group,the rats in model group still had significantly increased fecal particle counts(P＜0.05);compared with the model group,the rats in FMT group and traditional Chinese medicine group had significant decrease in fecal particle counts(all P＜0.05);there was no statistically significant difference in fecal particle counts between the FMT group and traditional Chinese medicine group(P＞0.05).Comparison at different timing within the groups,compared with those before interventions,the fecal particle counts of the FMT group at the 2nd week after interventions and the traditional Chinese medicine group at both the 1st and 2nd weeks after interventions decreased significantly(all P＜0.05).② In terms of Bristol score of stool char-acteristics,before interventions,compared with the control group,the rats in model group,FMT group and traditional Chinese medicine group had elevated Bristol score of stool characteristics(all P＜0.05).At the 1st week after interven-tions,compared with the control group,the rats in model group had significantly elevated Bristol score of stool character-istics(P＜0.05).At the 2nd week after interventions,compared with the control group,the rats in model group had sig-nificantly elevated Bristol score of stool characteristics(P＜0.05);compared with the model group,the rats in FMT group and traditional Chinese medicine group had significantly decreased Bristol score of stool characteristics(all P＜0.05);there was no significant difference in the Bristol score of stool characteristics between the FMT group and the tra-ditional Chinese medicine group(P＞0.05).Comparison at different timing within the group,the Bristol score of stool characteristics of the rats in FMT group and traditional Chinese medicine group gradually decreased before interventions and at the 1st and 2nd weeks after interventions(all P＜0.05).③ In terms of microbiota,compared with the control group,the gut microbiota of IBS-D rats with damp-heat syndrome was mainly composed of Firmicutes,Bacteroidete and Actinobecteriota,with increased abundance of g_Faecalibaculum,g_Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1,g_Adlercreutzia,g_Romboutsia and g_Allobaculum at the genus level as the main characteristics,FMT and Gegen Qinlian Decoction could significantly increase the abundance of g_Roseburia,g_Lachnoclostridium,g_Christensenellaceae_R-7_group,g_Akker-mansia,g_norank_f_Muribaculaceae.④ In terms of metabolomics,compared with the control group,IBS-D rats with damp-heat syndrome exhibited disturbances in metabolic pathways such as glycerophospholipid metabolism,steroid hor-mone biosynthesis and primary bile acid metabolism.FMT and Gegen Qinlian Decoction could jointly regulate glycero-phospholipid metabolism and primary bile acid metabolism pathways in damp-heat syndrome IBS-D.Conclusion FMT and Gegen Qinlian Decoction can improve defecation in IBS-D rats with damp-heat syndrome by regulating gut microbiota and metabolic pathways.