Application Value of Complement C1q and Retinol Binding Protein in the Diagnosis and Condition Assessment of Type 2 Dia-betic Mellitus Retinopathy

REN Hujun; WEN Lu; YUE Ling

doi:10.13730/j.issn.2097-2148.2025.02.004

Abstract：Objective To explore the effects of complement C1q and retinol binding protein(RBP)on diabetic reti-nopathy(DR)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its application value in diagnosis and condition assessment.Methods A total of 103 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to author's hospital from January 2023 to Decem-ber 2023 were selected.According to the DR classification,the patients were divided into non-diabetic retinopathy(NDR)group with 39 cases,non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR)group with 36 cases and proliferative diabetic retinop-athy(PDR)group with 28 cases.The clinical data and serum C1q and RBP levels of the 3 groups were compared.The correlation between C1q and RBP levels and the severity of DR patients was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis;the risk factors affecting the occurrence of DR were analyzed by Logistic regression;the diagnostic value of C1q and RBP lev-els for DR was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results The overall differences in the course of disease,glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),triglyceride(TG),serum C1q and RBP levels among the 3 groups were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The disease course,serum C1q and RBP levels of the NPDR group and the PDR group were higher than those of the NDR group,and the disease course,serum C1q and RBP levels of the PDR group were higher than those of the NPDR group(all P＜0.05),the HbA1c and TG levels of the PDR group were higher than those of the NDR group(P＜0.05).Correlation analysis showed that serum C1q and RBP levels in DR patients were positively correlated with the severity of DR(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that disease course,C1q and RBP were independent risk factors for the occurrence of DR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(P＜0.05).The ROC curve analysis results showed that the areas under the curve of C1q,RBP and combined detection of the two for the diagnosis of DR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were 0.784,0.765 and 0.873 respectively.Conclusion Serum C1q and RBP levels are elevated in DR patients,which are positively correlated with the severity of DR in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,and have good diagnostic value for diagnosing the occurrence of DR.