Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Emergency Shelters in Kunming and Its Differentiation Causes

BAI Xianfu; DAI Yuqian

doi:10.13512/j.hndz.2024.01.04

Abstract：The construction of emergency shelters is important for evaluating urban disaster prevention capabilities.By collecting and integrating data on emergency shelters in 14 counties and prefectures of Kunming City,seven variables are selected from four dimensions of population,social,economic and seismic parameters.From the perspective of spatial differentiation,the geographical detector method is adopted for analyzing the spatial distribution differences in the number and area of emergency shelters and the relationships between influencing factors.The results show that GDP,the number of emergency shelters,population size,population density,peak ground acceleration(PGA),public budget expenditure and the independence of earthquake prevention and disaster mitigation institutions serve as the seven influencing factors for the area distribution of emergency shelters,with the greatest significance of GDP,followed by the number of emergency shelters,population density,population size,PGA,public budget expenditure and the independence of earthquake prevention and disaster mitigation institutions in sequence.According to the detection analysis of interaction factors,the interaction effect between any two of these seven influencing factors is greater than the effect of a single factor,indicating that the spatial distribution of emergency shelter area in Kunming is the result of multiple factors.The strongest interaction between GDP,population size,population density,and the number of shelters indicates that GDP,the number of emergency shelters and population density are the most important influencing factors for the area of emergency shelters.Since the emergency shelter area in Kunming is not yet proportional to its population,the most important way to meet the standard of emergency shelter area in the future is to improve the level of local economic development as soon as possible.