Factors Influencing the Development of Aspiration Pneumonia in Elderly Patients with Dysphagia Following Cerebral Infarction

Lou Yaoxu; Zhang Yanping

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-5775.2026.05.012

Abstract：Objective:To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of aspiration pneumonia in elderly patients with dysphagia following cerebral infarction.Methods:A total of 172 patients with dysphagia following cerebral infarction in the elderly admitted to Yuzhou People's Hospital between April 2022 and April 2024 were selected as study subjects.Based on systematic medical record documentation of aspiration pneumonia occurrence,they were divided into an occurrence group and(63 caces)a non-occurrence group(109 caces).Relevant data from both groups were collected and compared.For indicators showing differences,collinearity analysis was performed.Indicators without collinearity issues were incorporated into a logistic regression model to analyze factors influencing the occurrence of aspiration pneumonia in patients.Results:According to medical record system data,among 172 elderly patients with dysphagia following cerebral infarction,63 developed aspiration pneumonia,accounting for 36.42％,and were assigned to the occurrence group.The remaining 109 pa-tients did not develop aspiration pneumonia,representing 63.58％,and were assigned to the non-occurrence group.There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of comorbidities,improper positioning,nasogastric feeding,National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)scores,oral hygiene,C-reactive protein(CRP),neutrophil count,and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)(P＜0.05).Through collinearity analysis,it was found that nasogastric feeding,NHISS score,oral hygiene,CRP,and NLR did not exhibit collin-earity issues.These indicators could thus be incorporated into the logistic regression model.Logistic regression analysis revealed that all these indicators were risk factors for patients developing aspiration pneumonia.Conclusion:Nasogastric feeding,NHISS score,oral hygiene,CRP,and NLR are all independent risk factors for aspiration pneumonia.These indicators provide a theoretical basis for early clinical prediction,screening of high-risk groups,and implementation of relevant interventions.