Study on the Effects of Type Ⅱ Thoracic Nerve Block on Analgesia and Anesthetic Safety in Patients Undergoing Car-diac Valve Surgery

Lei Ning; Xu Zhouyin; Wang Di

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-5775.2026.04.007

Abstract：Objective:To observe the effects of peripheral thoracic nerve block(PECSⅡ)on analgesia efficacy and anesthetic safety in patients undergoing cardiac valve surgery.Methods:The randomized controlled trial study included 105 patients who visited Zhengzhou Seventh People's Hospital and underwent heart valve surgery from January 2022 to February 2024.Random sequences were generated by computer and combined with allocation concealment.Qualified patients were randomly divided into the conventional anesthesia group(52 cases)and the combined anesthesia group(53 cases).The conventional group underwent conventional general anesthesia,while the combined group received PECS Ⅱ-assisted general anesthesia.Perioperative hemodynamics,postoperative pain and stress levels,analgesic rescue requirements,anesthetic recovery,and anesthetic safety were compared between the two groups.Results:Under different anesthesia regimens,the combined group exhibited lower heart rate(HR)and mean arterial pressure(MAP)during skin incision(T1)and sternotomy(T2)compared to the conventional group,with statistically significant differences(t=2.435,2.467,2.977,3.360;P＜0.05).The differences in HR and MAP at the time of chest closure(T3)and upon leaving the operating room(T4)in the combined group were not statistically significant(t=0.511,0.100,0.499,1.317;P＞0.05).The visual analog scale(VAS)scores for pain at rest and during activity at 30 minutes,2 hours,and 4 hours postoperatively were lower in the combined group than in the conventional group(t=2.341,6.193,6.789,3.668,2.521,6.249;P＜0.05).The combined group demonstrated lower intraoperative and postoperative sufentanil dosage,shorter extubation time,ICU stay duration,and time to postoperative flatus compared to the conventional group(t=3.245,2.494,2.785,3.189,2.942;P＜0.05).The incidence of anesthesia-related adverse reactions in the combined group was lower than that in the conventional group(χ2=6.502,P＜0.05).Conclusion:PECSⅡ block combined with general anesthesia helps stabilize the perioperative hemodynamics of patients undergoing cardiac valve surgery,effectively alleviates postoperative pain and stress response,reduces the need for remedial analgesia,shortens the anesthesia recovery time,and thereby lowers the overall anesthesia risk.