Analysis of Influencing Factors and Preventive Measures of Pulmonary Infection in Children with Congenital Heart Disease after Interventional Treatment

Zhao Xinxin; Zhang Lei

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-5775.2025.22.005

Abstract：Objective:To investigate the influencing factors and preventive measures of pulmonary infection in children with congenital heart disease(CHD)after interventional treatment.Methods:A total of 91 children with CHD treated in Luoyang Central Hospital during the period of September 2022 to May 2024 were selected as the subjects,and were assigned to two groups based on the combination with pulmonary infection or not after surgery.It collected the general data of children,including gender,age,disease condition,preoperative history of pulmonary infection,postoperative time of getting out of bed,ventilation time,immune level,pulmonary dysfunction(with or without),left ventricular ejection fraction level,preoperative left-to-right flow type CHD,body weight,and postoperative position.Univariate analysis was performed for general data,and multiple Logistic regression analysis was performed on the factors with statistical differences.Results:Among the 91 children with CHD,22 cases had pulmonary infection after interventional treatment,the incidence was 24.44％.The result of univariate analysis expressed that the comparisons on age,disease,preoperative history of pulmonary infection,postoperative time of getting out of bed,ventilation time,immune level and pulmonary dysfunction between these two groups had statistical difference(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that age＜6 years,complex CHD,preoperative history of pulmonary infection,postoperative activity time ≥3 d,ventilation time ≥72 h,low immune level and pulmonary dysfunction were independent risk factors for pulmonary infection in CHD children after interventional therapy(P＜0.05,OR＞1).Conclusion:Children with CHD are susceptible to pulmonary infection after interventional treatment due to age＜6 years old,complex CHD,preoperative history of pulmonary infection,postoperative time of getting out of bed ≥3 d,ventilation time ≥72 h,low immune level,and pulmonary dysfunction.Clinical attention should be paid to the development of preventive measures to prevent infection.