Analysis of the Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Social Adaptation Among Rural Elderly

Zhao Miao; Guo Lisha; Guo Xiaojuan

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-5775.2025.06.020

Abstract：Objective:To explore the current situation and influencing factors of social adaptation among rural elderly.Methods:A cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 1 275 elderly people from March 2023 to September 2023 with general situation questionnaire,family care questionnaire,positive and negative emotion scale.The statistics were performed with SPSS 23.0 software.Results:54.8%of the elderly in rural areas had subjective social maladjustment and 65.0%had objective social maladjustment.The results of single factor analysis showed that:the rural elderly who were female,had family or other sources of income,had no spouse,lived alone,had children living far away,had housework participation,had no economic participation,had no leisure and entertainment participation,and had no social interaction participation had poor subjective and objective social adjustment,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=33.249,11.444,59.218,23.040,18.127,136.355,65.502,82.871,78.818;P＜0.05).The older the rural elderly,the lower the education level,the worse the economic status of their children and the worse the family caring degree were,the worse the subjective social adjustment and the objective social adjustment were,the difference was statistically significant(χ2=39.330,106.161,10.415,43.033;P＜0.05).Binary logistic regression analysis showed that gender,age,education level,marital status,residence status,family caring degree and multiple social participation were the main influencing factors of social adaptation of the rural elderly.Conclusion:The overall social adaptation level of elderly people in rural areas is poor.It is suggested that that medical staff in rural areas should pay special attention to elderly people who are elderly,female,with low education,with no spouse,and living alone.Accordingly,it is necessary to take appropriate family responsibilities of their offspring,enhance family care,strengthen diverse social participation activities,such as economy,leisure and entertainment and social interaction,so as to promote rural elderly people to actively adapt to social changes and achieve a healthy aging of rural elderly.