Distribution Characteristics and Drug Resistance Analysis of Clinical Pathogenic Bacteria in a Hospital

Yang Yanlin; Chen Hu; Wang Chao

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-5775.2025.02.020

Abstract：Objective:A retrospective analysis was carried out on the distribution characteristics and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in specimens sent for clinical examination in a hospital in 2022,in order to provide a basis for clinicians to rationally choose antibiotics and monitor nosocomial infections.Methods:In accordance with the"National Clinical Laboratory Operation Specification"and the instructions for supporting the product,Shandong Xinke automatic microbial identification instrument and its supporting identification and drug susceptibility plate were used to carry out bacterial culture,identification and drug susceptibility testing of specimens sent for examination throughout 2022.Results:In 2022,a total of 697 pathogenic bacteria were detected,including 377 gram-positive cocci(54.09%).5 of the most common bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus,moraxella catarrhalis,staphylococcus epidermidis,enterococcus faecalis and streptococcus pneumoniae,and 279 gram-negative cocci(40.03%).The top 5 bacteria were escherichia coli,pseudomonas aeruginosa,klebsiella pneumoniae,enterobacter cloacae and klebsiella acid-producing bacteria.Sensitive drugs for staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus faecalis in gram positive bacteria include cefoperazone/sulbactam,piperacillin/tazobactam,and vancomycin,linezolid and tegacyclin resistant strains of staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus faecaliopers were found.Streptococcus pneumoniae,staphylococcus epidermidis and streptococcus pneumoniae was sensitive to minocycline,linezolid,vancomycin,and teicoplanin.Among gram-negative bacteria,escherichia coli,klebsiella pneumoniae,and kebsiella acid-producing bacteria were only sensitive to doxycycline and tigecycline.There was obvious resistance to penicillins,cephalosporins and quinolones,and the drug resistance rate exceeded 20%.The detection rate of enterococci and Enterobacter cloacae was gradually increasing,and the problem of drug resistance became increasingly serious.Conclusion:The detection rate of Gram positive bacteria is higher than that of gram negative bacteria,and the spectrum of common pathogens is similar to the results of national drug resistance monitoring.The drug resistance rate of clinical pathogens is high.It is necessary to further regulate the use of antibiotics,reduce the resistance rate,and improve the curative effect.