Correlation of CD40 and Non-HDL-C Expressed by Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes

Chen Zhifeng

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-5775.2024.04.007

Abstract：Objective:To investigate the correlation between peripheral blood mononuclear cells expressing leukocyte Cluster of Differentiation antigen 40(CD40)and serum non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)in patients with acute coronary syndromes(ACS).Methods:52 hospitalized patients admitted to the hospital from September 2019 to December 2020 were selected for the study.According to the criteria established by WHO in 1979 and with reference to the 2000 ACC/AHA(American College of Cardiology)Diagnostic Guidelines and Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction,21 cases were divided into the ACS group,16 cases were divided into the stable angina group,and 15 cases were divided into the control group of patients with non-coronary atherosclerotic heart disease(coronary heart disease for short).Mean fluores-cent intensity(MFI)expression of CD40-expressing peripheral blood single nucleated cells,serum non-HDL-C levels,and serum CRP levels were compared among the three groups of patients.Results:The peripheral blood single nucleated cells in the ACS group expressed significantly higher levels of CD40 than those in the SA group and the control group,and the difference was statis-tically significant(t=-6.654,-5.062,P＜0.05),and there was no statistically significant difference when comparing the SA group with the control group(t=1.829,P＞0.05).The difference in MFI among the 3 groups was statistically significant(F=34.481,P＜0.05).The serum CRP expression level in the ACS group was(13.04±16.74)mg/L,which was higher than(1.58±1.19)mg/L in the SA group and(1.43±1.10)mg/L in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=-2.014,-2.536,P＜0.05),and there was no statistically significant difference between the SA group and the control group(t=0.138,P＞0.05).The difference in serum CRP levels among the 3 groups was statistically significant(F=4.123,P＜0.05).The blood non-HDL-C level in the ACS group was(3.78±1.31)mmol/L,which was higher than that of(3.31±1.06)mmol/L in the SA group and(2.50±0.70)mmol/L in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=-2.661,-2.677,P＜0.05),and the difference between the SA group and the control group was not statistically significant(t=-1.804,P＞0.05).The difference was statistically significant compared with non-HDL-C in the 3 groups(F=4.567,P＜0.05).CD40 showed significant correlation with CRP(r=0.407,P＜0.05),and CD40 showed a significant correlation with non-HDL-C(r=0.379,P＜0.05).Conclusion:Multiple cytokine interactions in athero-sclerotic plaques affect plaque stability,and serum cytokine levels directly or indirectly reflect the degree of plaque inflammation and stability status.Therefore,the expression of CD40 by peripheral blood single nucleated cells may be a clinical marker of coro-nary lesion activity,which is expected to be a sensitive indicator for predicting the occurrence of ACS and identifying vulnerable plaques,and provides new ideas for the prevention and treatment of ACS.