Research Progress on the Impact of Industrial Aquaculture Tailwater on Marine Ecological Environment

YIN Xiaoya; QIAO Yanlong; LI Yan

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-7328.2026.增刊1.011

Abstract：Marine aquaculture plays a pivotal role in the global supply of high-quality protein food.Marine aquaculture tailwater,especially industrial marine aquaculture tailwater,largely determines the water environmental quality of bay and estuary areas,which has a significant impact on the stability of coastal ecosystems.Clarifying the generation process and components of pollutants in marine aquaculture tailwater is of great significance for industrial aquaculture water purification treatment and enhancing marine ecosystem security.By synthesizing domestic and international research findings,this paper comprehensively reviews the transport processes and transformation mechanisms of pollutants in industrialized aquaculture tailwater from the perspectives of sources,generation mechanisms,and compositional characteristics of suspended solids,organic matter,nutrients,antibiotics,and microorganisms.The environmental behavior of pollutant components in aquaculture tailwater is emphasized,and the factors affecting the stability of nearshore marine ecosystems are discussed.With respect to the sources,transport processes,and treatment technologies of pollutant components in industrialized marine aquaculture tailwater,this paper proposes the establishment of an aquaculture tailwater assessment and regulatory system,the development of treatment technologies for industrialized marine aquaculture tailwater—with particular emphasis on investigating the ecotoxicity and treatment technologies of aquaculture antibiotics—interdisciplinary scientific research,and the construction of green and ecological industrialized marine aquaculture models,with the aim of providing scientific basis for whole-process supervision,assessment,and governance of marine environmental pollution.