Clinical value of vitamin A and E in the diagnosis and prognosis of preeclampsia patients during pregnancy

ZHAO Yali; GUO Haiyun; LI Miao

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-7386.2025.02.014

Abstract：Objective To explore the detection value of vitamin A and vitamin E levels in the diagnosis and prognosis assessment of patients with preeclampsia(PE)during pregnancy,so as to provide guidances for clinical screening and treatment.Methods Data of 256 high-risk pregnant women who underwent prenatal examination in Zhangjiakou Maternal and Child Health Hospital from June 2021 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.All the included subjects were tested for vitamin A and E levels.Pregnant women were grouped into PE group(n=26)and non-PE group(n=230)according to whether they had PE,and vitamin A and E levels were compared between groups.PE patients were further divided into mild group(n=18)and severe group(n=8)according to the severity.The levels of vitamin A and E in the two groups were compared,and the diagnostic efficiency was analyzed by the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.The prognostic value of vitamin A and E levels in pregnant women was analyzed.Results Among 256 pregnant women,the levels of vitamin A and E in the PE group were significantly lower than those of non-PE group(P＜0.05).There was a significant difference in pregnancy outcome between PE group and non-PE group(P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of vitamin A,E and their combination in diagnosing PE was 0.648,0.742 and 0.742,respectively.Among 26 pregnant women with PE,there were 18 mild cases and 8 severe cases.The levels of vitamin A and E in severe group were significantly lower than those of the mild group(P＜0.05).The AUC of vitamin A,E and their combined assessment in diagnosing PE severity was 0.944,0.944 and 0.993,respectively.After follow-up,there were 16 cases of preterm delivery,4 cases of induced labor/stillbirth,and 5 cases of neonatal asphyxia among 256 pregnant women.Correlation analysis showed that poor prognosis of pregnant women was negatively correlated with vitamin A and E levels.Conclusion Vitamin A and E levels have certain value in screening,severity assessment and prognosis assessment of PE during pregnancy.Low levels of vitamin A and E predict high risk of PE and poor prognosis.