Therapeutic effect of different vital pulp preservation materials during vital pulpotomy on patients with deep molar caries

WU Chaojuan; CHEN Huaili; MENG Xiangfeng

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-7386.2025.02.012

Abstract：Objective To compare the influence of two vital pulp preservation materials used in vital pulpotomy,namely mineral trioxide aggregate(MTA)and calcium hydroxide,on patients with deep molar caries.Methods A total of 60 patients with deep molar caries(85 affected teeth)admitted to the Department of Dentistry of our hospital for vital pulpotomy in 2022 were selected.They were randomly assigned into the study group(44 teeth,30 cases)and control group(41 teeth,30 cases).Patients in the control group were given vital pulp preservation material of calcium hydroxide,and those in the study group were treated with vital pulp preservation material of MTA.Postoperative follow-up was performed.Success rate of surgery,electric pulp testing,masticatory function(masticatory efficiency,occlusal force)and degree of dental pulp stimulation at 1 month postoperatively were compared between the two groups.Satisfaction at 6 months postoperatively was compared.The changes in pain degree before treatment and at 1 month,3 months and 6 months after treatment were compared.The changes in inflammatory factors,including C-reactive protein(CRP),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and interleukin-6(IL-6)in gingival crevicular fluid were observed before treatment and 1 month after treatment.Results At 1 month after treatment,the success rate of treatment and excellent and good rate of electric pulp testing were significantly higher in the study group than those of control group(P＜0.05).Compared with those of control group,the masticatory efficiency and occlusal force were slightly higher in the study group,but without significant differences(P＞0.05).The degree of dental pulp stimulation was significantly milder in the study group than that of control group(P＜0.05).At 1 month,3 months and 6 months after treatment,the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)score in both groups was significantly reduced compared with that before treatment,and it was significantly lower in the study group than control group(all P＜0.05).At 1 month after treatment,serum CRP,TNF-α and IL-6 levels in the two groups were significantly declined compared to before treatment,and they were significantly lower in the study group than control group(all P＜0.05).At 6 months after treatment,the total satisfaction in the study group was significantly higher compared with that of control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The therapeutic effect of vital pulp preservation material of MTA during vital pulpotomy on patients with deep molar caries is significantly better than calcium hydroxide.MTA can enhance the success rate of surgery and electric pulp testing,reduce the local inflammation and infiltration,and relieve the dental pulp stimulation degree and pain symptoms,with a high application value.