Effect of the recombinant human transforming growth factor-β1 on root resorption and the Hippo Yes signaling pathway in mice with orthodontic tooth movement
LU Ping
JIN Jie
Abstract：Objective To explore the role of recombinant human transforming growth factor-β1(rhTGF-β1)on root resorption,tooth movement,and the Hippo Yes signaling pathway activity in mice with orthodontic tooth movement.Methods Fifty C57BL/mice were selected and randomly assigned into Control group(blank control),Model group(orthodontic tooth movement model),low-dose rhTGF-β1 group(1.00ng/mL),medium-dose rhTGF-β1group(3.00ng/mL),and high-dose rhTGF-β,group(5.00ng/mL),10 mice in each group.RhTGF-β,was administered once every 2 days,lasting for 2 weeks.Mice in the Control group and Model group were injected with equal amounts of physiological saline at corresponding time points.The movement distance of the first maxillary molar was measured at 1 week and 2 weeks using a vernier caliper.The hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining was used to analyze the pathological morphology and root resorption status of mouse periodontal and alveolar bone.The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was performed to measure the contents of serum inflammatory factors,such as interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)and interleukin-1 β(IL-1β).The number of osteoclasts in mouse tooth root tissue was counted.Western blot was used to detect osteogenesis-related proteins,such as osteocalcin(OPG),osteopontin(OPN),Runt related transcription factor 2(Runx2),as well as macrophage stimulating 1(MST1),large tumor suppressor kinase 1(LAST1),and phosphorylated Yes-associated protein(YAP)in mouse periodontal and alveolar bone tissues.Results With the prolongation of time,the orthodontic tooth movement distance of all groups of mice increased(P＜0.05).At each time point,rhTGF-β1 interventions significantly increased the orthodontic tooth movement distance and reduced the number of osteoclasts in the root tissue than those of Model group in a dose-dependent manner(P＜0.05).Compared with the Control group,the establishment of an orthodontic tooth movement model significantly upregulated inflammatory factors(IL-6,TNF-α and IL-1β)and downregulated bone metabolism proteins(OPG,OPN,and Runx2)(P＜0.05).RhTGF-β,interventions significantly downregulated the inflammatory factors(IL-6,TNF-α and IL-1β),and upregulated bone metabolism proteins(OPG,OPN,and Runx2)in a dose-dependent manner(P＜0.05).After the establishment of an orthodontic tooth movement model,the cementum on the root side of the tooth exhibited discontinuity,with bone resorption lacunae,disordered arrangement of cells and fibers in the periodontal ligament.RhTGF-β1 interventions decreased the depth of bone resorption lacuna,and improved the arrangement of periodontal ligament cells and fibers in a dose-dependent manner.Compared with those of the Control group,the establishment of an orthodontic tooth movement model significantly downregulated the phosphorylation levels of MST1,LAST1,and YAP in the Hippo Yes signaling pathway(P＜0.05),which were significantly upregulated by rhTGF-β1 interventions in a dose-dependent manner(P＜0.05).Conclusion RhTGF-β,can dose-dependently enhance osteogenic differentiation in orthodontic tooth movement mice,accelerate orthodontic tooth movement,inhibit inflammatory reactions and root resorption by activating the Hippo Yes signaling pathway activity in mouse root tissue,which is worthy of further clinical research.
Keywords：recombinant human transforming growth factor-β1orthodontic tooth movementroot tissue of teethroot resorptionHippo Yes signaling pathway
Publication Date：2025-01-28
Online Publishing Date：2025-08-15(First online date of this platform, not the publication date of the document)
Pages：6( 17-22 )