Analysis of clinical features of pulmonary embolism after laryngeal cancer surgery and the risk factors

CHEN Jianya; WANG Jingxin; LI Duo

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-7386.2024.22.010

Abstract：Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of pulmonary embolism(PE)after laryngeal cancer surgery and the risk factors.Methods The clinical data of 120 patients with laryngeal cancer after surgery in Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University from January 2021 to January 2024 were collected.According to the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary embolism(PE),they were divided into control group(n=30)and study group(n=90).The clinical symptoms and signs of PE in the study group were observed,and the clinical characteristics were analyzed.The risk factors and independent risk factors of PE after laryngeal cancer surgery were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis,respectively.Results The common clinical symptoms of PE after laryngeal cancer surgery were suffocation(93.33％),chest tightness(83.33％),cough(80.00％)and bloody sputum(73.33％).The common clinical signs of PE after laryngeal cancer surgery were coarse respiratory sound in both lungs(56.67％),rales in both lungs(33.33％),decreased respiratory sound in both longs(30.00％)and decreased respiratory sound in unilateral lung lobe(30.00％).Age ≥60 years,body mass index(BMI)≥24 kg/m2,hypertension,bed time ≥3 d,operation time ≥3 h and preoperative peripherally inserted central catheterization(PICC)were all high risk factors and independent risk factors for PE after laryngeal cancer surgery(P＜0.05).Conclusion PE after laryngeal cancer surgery can show complex clinical symptoms and signs,mainly including the suffocation,chest tightness,cough and bloody sputum.Meanwhile,thick breathing sounds in both lungs,dry rales in both lungs,reduced breathing sounds in both lungs and decreased breathing sounds in one lung lobe are common.Old age,high BMI,hypertension,preoperative PICC,bed rest time and prolonged operation time may increase the incidence of PE after laryngeal cancer.Clinical monitoring and management intervention of these patients should be highly concerned to effectively prevent PE after laryngeal cancer surgery.