Comparison of therapeutic effects of using different types of femoral condylar prostheses for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in patients with anterior medial knee osteoarthritis

CHEN Jin; WANG Yuze; LIU Jinxiang

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-7386.2024.20.005

Abstract：Objective To analyze the therapeutic effect of different types of femoral condyle prosthesis for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(UKA)in patients with anterior medial knee osteoarthritis(OA).Methods This was a prospective study involving 180 patients with anterior medial knee OA admitted to our Hospital from January 2019 to December 2022 and subjected to an elective UKA.They were randomly divided into the observation group and control group,with 90 patients in each group using a random number table.Patients in the control group received bone cement type single condylar prosthesis for UKA and those in the observation group received all biological types of single condylar prosthesis.Operation time,intraoperative blood loss,drainage volume,and first time of postoperative off-bed activities were recorded and compared between the two groups.The Oxford Knee Score(OKS)and the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)were used to evaluate knee function and pain before surgery and 3 months after surgery.Range of motion of the knee and postoperative adverse events were recorded.Results The operation time of the observation group was significantly shorter than that of the control group(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in intraoperative bleeding volume,wound drainage volume,and first time of postoperative off-bed activities between the two groups(P＞0.05).Three months after surgery,the OKS score and range of motion of the knee significantly improved after surgery compared to those before surgery,while the VAS score significantly decreased(P＜0.05).However,there were no significant differences in the OKS score,range of motion of the knee and VAS score postoperatively between groups(P＞0.05).The incidence of adverse events in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference in the incidence of physiological transparent lines between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion In patients with anterior medial OA of the knee joint undergoing UKA,the use of either bone cement type or all biological types of single condyle implant provides the same short-term effect on improving knee function and postoperative pain.However,compared with bone cement type single condyle implants,all biological types of single condyle implants have shorter operation time and fewer postoperative adverse events.