The clinical significance of early prostate cancer antigen 2 and human glandular kallikrein 2 in diagnosis of prostate cancer

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-7386.2017.05.012

Abstract：Objective To investigate the clinical significance of early prostate cancer antigen 2 ( EPCA-2) and human glandular kallikrein-2 (hK2) in diagnosis of prostate cancer .Methods Fifty-eight healthy subjects (control group), 43 patients with prostate hyperplasia (prostate hyperplasia group ) and 34 patients with prostate cancer ( prostate cancer group) were enrolled in the study.The serum levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA) were detected by electrochemiluminescence method,and the serum levels of EPSA and hK2 were detected by ELISA.Moreover the differences and correlation among EPSA,PCA-2, hK2 were observed, besides, the predictive sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were investigated.Results The serum levels of PSA,EPCA-2,hK2 in prostate cancer group were significantly higher than those in control group and those in prostate hyperplasia group ( P <0.01).The serum levels of PSA,EPCA-2 in prostate hyperplasia group were significantly higher than those in control group ( P <0.05),however,there were no significant differences in the serum levels of hK2 between two groups ( P >0.05).The levels of PSA were positively correlated to those of EPCA-2,hK2 ( r =0.869,0.792,respectively, P <0.01).Moreover the levels of EPCA-2 were positively correlated to those of hK2 ( r =0.780, P <0.01).Taking PSA >5ng/ml as diagnostic criteria of prostate cancer ,its specificity to predict prostate cancer was 60.4%,and predictive sensitivity was 91.18%, positive predictive value was 43.66% and negative predictive value was 95.31%.Taking EPCA-2 >30ng/ml as diagnostic criteria, its specificity to predict prostate cancer was 96.04%,and predictive sensitivity was 94.12%, positive predictive value was 88.98% and negative predictive value was 97.90%.Taking hK2 >0.17ng/ml as diagnostic criteria,its specificity to predict prostate cancer was 87.13%,and predictive sensitivity was 88.24%, positive predictive value was 69.77% and negative predictive value was 95.65%.The area under curve of PSA,EPCA-2,hK2 was 0.758, 0.951, 0.877, respectively,and the diagnostic value to predict prostate cancer was EPCA-2 >hK2 >PSA.Conclusion The detection of serum levels of EPCA -2,hK2 in patients with prostate cancer can further improve the accuracy of diagnosis ,avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis ,which provides a powerful reference basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.