The dynamic changes and clinical significance of plasma levels of S100B protein in patients with acute traumatic brain injury

LIU Huaqiao

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-7386.2015.21.002

Abstract：Objective To investigate the dynamic changes and clinical significance of plasma levels of S100B protein in patients with acute traumatic brain injury ( TBI ) .Methods Fifty-eighty patients with acute TBI treated in emergency department of our hospital from September 2012 to August 2014 were enrolled in the study.The peripheral vein blood specimens of 58 patients ( observation group) and 50 healthy subjects ( control group) were collected immediately after injury, 24h, 72h and 168h after injury.The plasma levels of S100B protein were detected by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Moreover the 58 patients in observation group were redivided into two groups according to GOS score at 6 months after TBI, and 31 patients with better prognosis were divided into group A, however, the othet 27 patients with poorer prognosis were divided into group A.The dynamic changes of plasma levels of S100B protein were compared between group A and group B.Results The plasma levels of S100B protein in group A reached peak at the first 24 hours, then which reduced to normal levels in the next 72~168 hours, however, the plasma levels of S100B protein in group B were decreased at some extent by active treatment after hospitalization,but with the progress of pathogenetic condition,which increased again.The plasma levels of S100B protein in group B in every time point were significantly higher than those in group A ( P <0.05) and control group ( P <0.01).The plasma levels of S100B protein in group A at injury instant, 24h, 72h after TBI were significantly higher than those in control group ( P <0.05),but there were no significant differences at 7d after TBI between group A and control group ( P >0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed the correlation coefficient between plasma levels of S100B protein and GOS score was 0.672.The detection of plasma levels of A100B immediately after TBI had more important value in predicting prognosis,as compared with GCS score (AUC 0.856 vs 0.669, P<0 .05).The detection of plasma levels of S100B protein at 168h after TBI had the most important value in predicting patient’s prognosis (AUC =0.937), with sensitivity being 94.20%and specificity being 85.63%.Conclusion The plasma levels of S100B protein in patients with TBI are closely correlated to patient’s prognosis,thus the detection of plasma levels of S100B protein has an important clinical significance in predicting patient’ s prognosis.