Correlation of serum S100A12,RDW,and Helicobacter pylori infection with severity of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the elderly

Yue Suyang; Wan Jingjing; Tan Shanzhong; Ge Fei; Ma Xinggang; Yin Jiangling; Ding Qin

doi:10.11986/j.issn.1673-873X.2025.10.03

Abstract：Objective To investigate the correlations of serum S100 calcium-binding protein A12(S100A12),red blood cell dis-tribution width(RDW),and Helicobacter pylori infection with the severity of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding(AUGIB)in elderly patients,so as to provide a reference for clinical assessment and targeted treatment.Methods One hundred and twenty elderly patients with AUGIB admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Huai'an from June 2021 to June 2024 were en-rolled and classified by disease severity into a low-risk group(n=62)and a moderate-to-high-risk group(n=58).Serum S100A12 and RDW levels and Helicobacter pylori infection status were measured.Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess relationships between S100A12,RDW,and Helicobacter pylori infection with bleeding severity in elderly AUGIB pa-tients.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was used to evaluate the value of S100A12,RDW,and Helico-bacter pylori infection for assessing disease severity in elderly AUGIB patients.Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in age,sex composition,body mass index or bleeding etiology(P>0.05).The moderate-to-high-risk group had significantly higher serum S100A12 and RDW levels and a higher detection rate of Helicobacter pylori than the low-risk group(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum S100A12,RDW,and Helicobacter pylori detection rate were positively correlated with the severity of bleeding in elderly AUGIB patients(rs=0.534,0.305,0.360,respective-ly;all P<0.05).Logistic regression indicated that high S100A12,high RDW,and Helicobacter pylori infection were risk fac-tors for aggravated disease in elderly AUGIB patients(P<0.05).ROC analysis demonstrated that the areas under the curve(AUC)for S100A12,RDW and Helicobacter pylori infection alone and combined in evaluating disease severity were 0.809,0.676,0.664 and 0.943,respectively;their sensitivities were 65.52%,63.79%,82.76%and 89.66%,and specificities were 90.32%,74.19%,50.00%and 87.10%,respectively,with the combined assessment outperforming each indicator a-lone(Z=3.580,5.311,6.846;all P<0.05).Conclusion Serum S100A12,RDW,and Helicobacter pylori infection are closely associated with the severity of disease in elderly patients with AUGIB.Early combined testing of these indicators can improve the accuracy of severity assessment and provide an important reference for clinical management.