Correlation analysis of serum Decorin and Biglycan with cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes

Ma Jian; Yu Yuanyuan; Han Xiaolei; Zhao Huan; Liu Ling; Zhao Rimin; Pan Ming; Liu Wei; Qin Tao; Li Yanmei

doi:10.11986/j.issn.1673-873X.2025.01.07

Abstract：Objective To investigate the relationship between Decorin,Biglycan,and cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),aiming to provide a reference for clinical treatment.Methods A total of 186 elderly patients with T2DM admitted from August 2022 to August 2024 were selected as the study group.Additionally,100 healthy individuals undergoing physical examination at our hospital during the same period were chosen as the control group.Ac-cording to the scores on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)scale,the study group was allocated to two sub-groups:the normal cognitive function group(n=117)and the cognitive dysfunction group(n=69).Data collected for the study group included gender,age,body mass index(BMI),duration of diabetes,years of education,diastolic blood pres-sure,systolic blood pressure,comorbid conditions(hypertension,hyperlipidemia),smoking history,as well as levels of glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),C-reactive protein(CRP),total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),high-density lip-oprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C).Serum levels of Decorin and Biglycan were measured in all participants.Results The serum level of Decorin in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group,while the serum level of Biglycan was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).In the cognitive dysfunction group,the serum level of Decorin was significantly lower than that in the normal cognitive function group,whereas the serum level of Biglycan was significantly higher than that in the normal cognitive function group(P<0.05).Decorin levels were positively correlated with MoCA scores in elderly T2DM patients,while Biglycan levels were negatively correlated with MoCA scores(r=0.624 and-0.571,respectively;P<0.05 for both).Receiver operating char-acteristic(ROC)curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve(AUC)for diagnosing cognitive dysfunction using Decorin and Biglycan were 0.822(95%CI:0.772-0.867)and 0.754(95%CI:0.709-0.804),respectively;when used in combination,the AUC was 0.903(95%CI:0.858-0.953).Stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that BMI,years of education,HbA1c,Decorin,and Biglycan were influencing factors for the occurrence of cognitive dys-function in these patients(P<0.05).Conclusion Serum levels of Decorin and Biglycan are closely correlated with cognitive dysfunction in elderly T2DM patients and may serve as diagnostic markers for cognitive dysfunction in these patients.Fur-thermore,combined detection of both markers offers higher diagnostic efficacy.