Exhaled nitric oxide and peripheral blood eosinophil count in assessing asthma control levels in children

Ma Jun'e; Chi Jinghan; Zhang Qianqian; Wang Wei; Ma Dongqing; Hua Shaodong

doi:10.11986/j.issn.1673-873X.2024.08.07

Abstract：Objective To explore the value of fractional exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO)levels and peripheral blood eosinophil(EOS)counts in assessing the control level of bronchial asthma in children,aiming to provide a reference for clinical treat-ment.Methods A total of 160 children with bronchial asthma treated in the pediatric respiratory allergy clinic of Civil Avia-tion General Hospital from October 2022 to January 2024 were selected as the disease group,and 80 healthy children who underwent physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group.Children in the disease group were grouped based on the Children's Asthma Control Test(C-ACT)questionnaire score at admission,with those scoring ≥20 points placed in the controlled group and those scoring＜20 points in the uncontrolled group.Data on age,gender,height,BMI,family structure,parental smoking status,highest parental education level,family history of asthma,allergic consti-tution,and FeNO levels and peripheral blood EOS counts of 160 children with bronchial asthma were collected.Simultane-ously,FeNO levels and peripheral blood EOS counts of the control group participants were also collected.Results The Fe-NO levels and peripheral blood EOS counts in children of the disease group were significantly higher than those in the control group participants(P＜0.05).The FeNO levels and peripheral blood EOS counts in the uncontrolled group were signifi-cantly higher than those in the controlled group(P＜0.05).Multifactorial logistic regression analysis results showed that allergic constitution(OR=2.115;95％CI:1.296-3.452),FeNO≥42.67 ppb(OR=3.770;95％CI:1.804-7.877),and peripheral blood EOS count ≥0.77 × 109/L(OR=2.875;95％CI:1.560-5.299)are risk factors affecting the asthma control level in children with bronchial asthma(P＜0.05).Conclusion The increase in FeNO levels and peripheral blood EOS counts is correlated with the asthma control level in children with bronchial asthma and can be used as a biomarker for assessing the asthma control level in children with bronchial asthma.